Knee and Below Quiz questions Flashcards
In closed chain (femoral-on-tibial) flexion:
the femur rolls posteriorly and slide anteriorly.
Which nerve is posterior to the fibular head?
common fibular (peroneal)
Coxa vara (the hip deformity) would predispose toward:
excessive genu valgum
What attaches to the tibia at Gerdy’s tubercle?
iliotibial tract
In a closed-chain femoral-on-tibial extension exercise (i.e., a squat), at what position do the quadriceps generate the most torque?
90 degrees of flexion
versus 45* or 0*
For a given weight (e.g., the weight of the leg + 1 lb weight) in an open-chain tibial-on-femoral extension exercise, at what position do the quadriceps generate the most torque?
0 degrees of flexion
versus 45* or 90*
In the last few degrees of knee extension when rising from a seated position to standing, to get to the fully locked position,
the femur rotates internally (medially) on the fixed tibia.
The locking of the knee involves a/n ________rotation of the femur on a fixed tibia during the last few degrees of extension (as in rising from a seated position to standing).
internal (medial)
Which meniscus is attached to a collateral ligament?
medial
Which of the menisci is more “C” shaped (rather than O shaped)?
medial
At which of the following angles of knee flexion is the patellofemoral joint compression force greatest?
85%
(or 65% is counted correct on the quiz)
(versus 45 or 0%)
Which 3 muscles attach to the tibia at pes anserine on the medial aspect of the tibia?
Semitendinosus, Sartorius,
Gracilis
(NOT semimembranosus, biceps femoris long head)
In what position is the knee considered to be “locked”?
Full extension
The Q angle is measured as the angle between two lines:
a line from the anterior superior iliac spine to the midpoint of the patella, and a line from the midpoint of the patella to the tibial tuberosity
What muscle group action stresses (stretches) the ACL?
Quadriceps
While standing perform a maximal stretch of the rectus femoris. While holding the stretch, perform a full anterior pelvic tilt, then a full posterior pelvic tilt. Which increases the stretch of the rectus femoris - and why?
the posterior pelvic tilt - because it increases hip extension
Which surface of the tibial plateaus is more oval?
Medial
The unlocking of the knee involves an initial action of the ___________ muscle which rotates the femur ________on a fixed tibia during the first few degrees of flexion (beginning to sit from standing).
popliteus, lateral (external)
Which nerve is in contact with the posterior aspect of the head and neck of the fibula, and therefore vulnerable to injury at that site?
common fibular nerve
The lateral malleolus is:
inferior and posterior to the medial malleolus.
Match each of the following compartments of the leg with its artery.
Anterior Crucal
Anterior Tibial Artery
Match each of the following compartments of the leg with its artery.
Lateral Crural
Fibular (Peroneal) Artery
Match each of the following compartments of the leg with its artery.
Posterior Crural
Posterior Tibial Artery
Match each retinaculum at the ankle with the leg compartment containing the tendons it covers.
peroneal (fibular) retinaculum
Lateral Compartment
Match each retinaculum at the ankle with the leg compartment containing the tendons it covers.
flexor retinaculum
Posterior Compartment
Match each retinaculum at the ankle with the leg compartment containing the tendons it covers.
inferior extensor retinaculum
Anterior Compartment
Which artery accompanies the tibial nerve in the posterior compartment of the leg?
Posterior Tibial Artery
Match the muscles with their innervations
tibialis posterior
tibial N
Match the muscles with their innervations
peroneus longus
superficial fibular (peroneal) N
Match the muscles with their innervations
peroneus tertius
deep fibular (peroneal) N
Match the muscles with their innervations
extensor digitorum longus
deep fibular (peroneal) N
Match the muscles with their innervations
extensor hallucis longus
deep fibular (peroneal) N
Match the muscles with their innervations
gastrocnemius
tibial N
Match the muscles with their innervations
tibialis anterior
deep fibular (peroneal) N
The calcaneal reflex is a test for which spinal cord segment/nerve?
S1
Which of the following muscles attach to the styloid process of the 5th metatarsal?
fibularis brevis
The proximal attachment of the tibialis posterior is the:
proximal 2/3 of posterior surface of the tibia and fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane
Which muscle attaches to the posterior surface of the proximal tibia superior to the soleal line?
Popiteus
The most commonly sprained ligament of the ankle is the:
ATFL (anterior talofibular ligament)
Which of the following structures passes posterior to the medial malleolus?
posterior tibial artery, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior
(NOT fibularis tertius, tibialis anterior)
Match each of the following vessels with the nerve that accompanies it.
posterior tibial artery
tibial nerve
Match each of the following vessels with the nerve that accompanies it.
anterior tibial artery
deep fibular nerve
Match each of the following vessels with the nerve that accompanies it.
great saphenous vein
saphenous nerve
Match each of the following vessels with the nerve that accompanies it.
lesser saphenous vein
sural nerve
Which of the following muscles contribute to dorsiflexion at the ankle?
(tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, fibularis tertius)
(NOT tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus)
Under what conditions does the soleus contribute to knee extension?
Closed chain - with foot on the ground
Pronation of the weight-bearing subtalar joint is accompanied by what position of the calcaneus?
eversion (valgus)
Supination of the weight-bearing subtalar joint is accompanied by what position of the calcaneus?
inversion (varus)
The calcaneal tendon reflex is a test for which spinal nerve segment?
S1
The muscles that control the amount of pronation of that occurs at the subtalar joint by eccentric activity include:
tibialis posterior, tibialis anterior
NOT soleus, peroneus brevis, peroneus longus
The navicular bone is between the:
talus and cuneiform bones
The plantar fascia:
~extends over the metatarsophalangeal joints
~attaches to the medial calcaneal tubercle
~pulls the foot into supination near terminal stance
(NOT: attached to the sesamoid bones of the great toe)
What ligament supports the head of the talus between the sustentaculum talus and the navicular?
Spring Ligament
The subtalar joint is between the:
talus and calcaneus
A patient is referred to you for pain over the lateral aspect of the distal part of the leg and ankle. She had previously had pain of the medial heel, and had been wearing an ankle-foot orthosis for that. That pain had subsided, but now the pain was on the lateral side of the foot. She has no loss of AROM nor strength when tested in sitting, but cannot bear weight on the foot without pain. She has an antalgic gait. These symptoms can be explained by damage to the:
sural nerve
The sustentaculum tali is a bony feature of which bone?
calcaneus
Pronation of the weight-bearing subtalar joint is accompanied by what movement of the tibia?
internal (medial)
Supination of the weight-bearing subtalar joint is accompanied by what movement of the tibia?
external (lateral)
Toe extension is primarily associated with which spinal nerve?
L5
The transverse tarsal joint includes the:
talo-navicular joint. calcaneo-cuboid joint
(NOT naviculo-cuboid joint, talo-calcaneal joint
