Knee Anatomy

Question 1

Joints of the knee

Answer 1

Tibiofemoral joint - medial and lateral condyles of the femur articulate with the tibia
Patellofemoral joint - anterior and distal part of the femur articulate with the patella
Superior tibiofibular joint – Tibia and fibular. Not directly involved at the knee joint.

Question 2

Ligaments at Tibiofemoral joint

Answer 2

1. MCL/Tibial collateral (Medial Collateral Ligament) - Medial femoral epicondyle to medial tibial condyle, Limits extension and abduction of leg; attached to medial meniscus.
2. LCL/Fibular collateral (Lateral Collateral Ligament) – Lateral femoral epicondyle to fibular head, Limits extension and adduction of leg; overlies popliteus tendon
3. ACL (Anterior Collateral Ligament) – Anterior intercondylar tibia to lateral femoral condyle, Prevents posterior slipping of femur on tibia; torn in hyperextension
4. PCL (Posterior Collateral Ligament) – Posterior intercondylar tibia to medial femoral condyle, Prevents anterior slipping of femur on tibia; shorter and stronger than anterior cruciate
5. Transverse Ligament - Anterior aspect of menisci, Binds and stabilises menisci

Question 3

Ligaments at the Patellofemoral joint

Answer 3

Patellar ligament - Patella to tibial tuberosity

Question 4

Ligaments at the Superior tibiofibular joint

Answer 4

Anterior ligament of fibular head
Posterior ligament of fibular head