Knee

Question 1

What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 1

Common fibular n, tibial n, popliteal v, popliteal a, lesser saphenous v

Question 2

What muscles border the popliteal fossa?

Answer 2

semitendoniosus and semimembranosus muscle (medial border), biceps femoris (lateral border), gastrocnemius inferior border

Question 3

What are the flexors of the knee?

Answer 3

Bring knee back towards body (posterior & lateral muscles)

• Hamstrings (SM, ST, biceps femoris)
• Gastroc
• Gracillus
• Sartoreus
• Popliteus

Question 4

What are the extensors of the knee?

Answer 4

Extend knee out away from body (anterior muscles)

• Quad femoris (Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius)
• Tensor fascia lata

Question 5

What is SGT FOS?

Answer 5

Pes anserinus “goose foot” that inserts on the medial femoral condyle

Question 6

What is the SGT in SGT FOS?

Answer 6

Sartoreus, gracilis, semitendinosus

Question 7

What is the FOS in SGT FOS?

Answer 7

Innervation of the nerves to the SGT muscles

• Femoral
• Obturator
• Sciatic

Question 8

Terrible Triad?

Answer 8

“A Money Maker”
ACL, MCL, and MM
–Injury to the LM is more common

Question 9

What is a bone bruise?

Answer 9

Trauma to a bone can cause bone bruise and ultimately lead to arthritis

Meniscus, ACL, PCL

Question 10

Significance of a bakers cyst?

Answer 10

Joint effusion (swelling) from the injury + the pump effect causes a cyst to form behind the popliteal fossa *beware!

Question 11

The Knee Joint is surrounded by an ________ ______ Capsule

Answer 11

Articular Joint Capsule

Question 12

Patella is __________ bone in _______ _________tendon

Answer 12

Patella is sesamoid bone in Quadriceps femoris tendon

Sesamoid bones are bones embedded in tendons.

Question 13

The ______ compartment everts the foot

Answer 13

lateral or fibular/peroneal compartment

Question 14

What muscles are components of the lateral compartment of the foot?

Answer 14

Fibularis longus and brevis mm

Question 15

What dermatomes innervate the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 15

– L 4, 5, S1 - dorsiflex foot, invert foot and extends toes

Question 16

What compartment is the foot drop in?

Answer 16

Anterior compartment- L5

Question 17

What muscles are part of the anterior compartment of the foot?

Answer 17

• Tibialis anterior m
• Extensor hallucis longus
• Extensor digitorum longus
• Fibularis tertius

Question 18

What are the functions of the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 18

plantar flex ankle, invert foot and flexes toes

Question 19

What are the functions of the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 19

dorsiflex foot, invert foot and extends toes

Question 20

What nerve innervates the posterior compartment muscles of the leg?

Answer 20

all Tibial n (Sciatic n > Tibial nerve)

Question 21

What nerves innervate the lateral compartment muscles of the thigh?

Answer 21

Superficial fibular/peroneal n

Question 22

What nerves innervate the anterior compartment muscles of the leg?

Answer 22

Deep fibular/peroneal n.

Question 23

What are the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 23

Gastrocnemius – originates at distal Femur
Plantaris – originates at distal Femur
Soleus – originates at proximal tibia

Question 24

What two muscles originate at the distal femur?

Answer 24

Gastrocnemius & Plantaris

Question 25

What muscle originates at the proximal tibia?

Answer 25

Soleus

Question 26

Where do the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg insert?

Answer 26

Calcaneus via achilles tendon

Question 27

What are the deep muscles of the posterior portion of the leg?

Answer 27

* popliteus + tom, dick, harry - Popliteus – tendon on lateral side at knee - Tibialis Posterior - Flexor Digitorum longus - Flexor Hallicus longus

Question 28

What are the functions of the tibial nerve? Where is it located?

Answer 28

Goes to the posterior portion of the leg (all about flex) - plantar flex - flex toes - medial to invert foot

Question 29

What are the functions of the common fibular nerve? Where is it located?

Answer 29

Goes to the anterior portion of the leg (all about extend) - dorsiflex the foot - extend the toes - lateral to evert the foot

Question 30

What muscle is on the lateral side of the pes anserinus and what muscle is on the medial side?

Answer 30

Because the Pes Anserinus is on the medial side of the Tibia, the Semintendinosis muscle is medial and the Semimembranosis muscle is lateral in the thigh

Question 31

Even though its course is superficial, the great saphenous vein is actually _____

Answer 31

deep

Question 32

T/F: If a DVT is distal with no femoral vein involvement then not treated as a dvt but if proximal and near femoral vein it is treated as a dvt.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

What actions does the anterior compartment do?

Answer 33

dorsiflex foot, invert foot and extends toes