Knee Flashcards
An overweight 67-year-old female complains of knee pain that is worse while walking and better when she rests. The joint is stiff in the morning, but it only lasts 20 minutes or so. On examination, there is marked crepitus on flexion and extension of the joint. X-ray shows narrowing of the joint space, subchondral sclerosis and ostephyte formation more so on the medial aspect of the joint.
OA of the knee
A 47-year-old male presents with recurrent pain in the left knee. He has a history of hyperparathyroidism. On examination, there is slight swelling of the knee joint with tenderness on flexion. CMP shows elevated serum calcium. X-ray of the knee shows linear intra-articular calcification. Aspirated joint synovial fluid examination under polarized light reveals numerous rhomboid birefringent crystals.
Pseudogout
A 15-year-old teen complains of pain below his right knee when he plays basketball and not baseball. On examination, there is a prominent tender tibial tuberosity. No other tests done at this time.
Osgood-Schlatter’s disease
A 19-year-old football player complains of pain over the lateral aspect of the knee. On examination, Ober’s test is positive. No other tests were done.
IT band syndrome
A 16-year-old teen presents with a painful knee after a soccer tackle. On examination, varus stress on the knee causes an aggravation of the pain. No other tests done.
LCL injury
A 23-year-old soccer player presents with a painful knee after an in-game injury. On examination, the left knee joint is swollen and there is increased anterior translation of the tibia in the partially flexed knee. MRI confirms damage.
ACL injury
A 23-year-old volleyball player presents with pain over the medial aspect of the left knee. On examination, valgus stress aggravates the pain. No other tests done.
MCL injury
A 20-year-old twists her knee and presents a painful swollen joint. On examination, extension and external rotation of the flexed knee reproduces the pain. No other tests done.
Medial meniscal tear
A 35-year-old tennis player presents with a painful swollen knee. On examination, there is a positive posterior drawer sign. MRI confirms a tear.
PCL tear
A 23-year-old quarterback presents with knee pain following a rough game yesterday. On examination, the affected knee is swollen. Internal rotation of the flexed knee is painful. MRI confirms a tear.
Lateral meniscal tear
A 45-year-old cleaning lady complains of pain in her knee. There is a tenderness and swelling over her patella. No tests were ordered.
Prepatellar bursitis (Could be chondromalacia patella if there was pain going up and down steps with crepitus)
