Knee

Question 1

knee - deformities

Answer 1

Varus, valgus (also RA), fixed flexion (OA)
nodules
hyperextension

Question 2

knee - Scars

Answer 2

Arthroscopy, knee replacement

Question 3

knee - Wasting - where, cause

Answer 3

Quadriceps + gastrocnemius

Reduced mobility from injury/arthritis/nerve injury

Question 4

knee - Swelling

Answer 4

BIBE - baker’s cysts, inflammation, bursitis, effusion

baker’s cyst - arthritis, cartilage tear

Question 5

knee - Skin changes

Answer 5

Erythema

Bruising

Question 6

Patellar tap

Answer 6

Medium-large effusion

Question 7

Sweep test

Answer 7

Small effusion

Question 8

knee - Causes of joint effusion

Answer 8

Ligament rupture
Inflammatory arthritis
OA
Septic arthritis

Question 9

knee - Feel for (bones, tendons, joint line, underneath)

Answer 9

bones - bony abnormalities (osteophytes), tenderness (meniscal tear)
tendons - tenderness (tendonitis)
underneath - bakers cyst

Question 10

knee - Tender joint lines

Answer 10

Meniscal damage
OA
loose body within joint
medial tenderness - commonly MCL strain
lateral tenderness - commonly torn meniscus

Question 11

Can’t push knee into bed

Answer 11

Fixed flexion deformity

Question 12

knee - Joint above

Answer 12

Hip
Referred pain from hip common.
Test internal rotation in flexion.

Question 13

knee - Neurovascular - power

Answer 13

Extend toes - common peroneal

Plantarflex foot - tibial

Question 14

knee - Neurovascular - sensation

Answer 14

Dorsum foot - common peroneal

Sole foot - tibial

Question 15

knee - Neurovascular - vascular

Answer 15

Posterior tibial

Dorsalis pedis

Question 16

Patellar apprehension test

Answer 16

Previous patellar dislocation

Question 17

knee - I️ would also

Answer 17

X-ray
MRI
Effusion aspiration