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LOWER LIMB > Knee > Flashcards

Knee Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the patellar ligament?

A

It helps to hold the patella in place and serves as part of the tendon to the quadriceps femoris muscles

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1
Q

What is the function of the arcuate popliteal ligament?

A

It arches over the tendon of the popliteus muscle and stabilizes the posterior aspect of the knee joint.

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1
Q

What is a common mechanism for ACL ruptures?

A

Severe force directed ANTERIORLY when the kneee is semi-flexed

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1
Q

Where can you find the medial collateral ligament?

A

Broad, flat band located slightly posterior on the medial side of the knee joint. It is attached proximately to the medial side of the knee joint and distally to the medal condyle of the tibia

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1
Q

What are the borders of the popliteal fossa?

A

Superolaterally: biceps femoris Superomedially: semimembranosus and semitendinosus Inferolaterally and inferomedially: gastrocnemius muscles

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2
Q

What is the function of the medial collateral ligament?

A

It resists force that would push the knee joint medially. Fused to the medial meniscus.

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3
Q

What is the function of the medial meniscus?

A

It deepens the medial tibial condyle

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4
Q

What is the function of the PCL?

A

Checks flexion and posterior slipping of the tibia on the femur (or anterior displacement of the femur on the tibia)

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5
Q

What type of joint is the knee?

A

Hinge joint (ginglymus)

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6
Q

What is the common mechanism for PCL injury?

A

When an individual lands on their tibial tuberosity with the knee flexed

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7
Q

Where can you find the anterior cruciate ligament?

A

From the front of the intercondylar eminence to the medial surface of the lateral femoral condyle posteriorly

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8
Q

What indicates a lateral meniscus tear?

A

Pain on lateral rotation of the tibia on the femur

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8
Q

What is genu recurvatum?

A

When the knee is hyperextended such that the lower extremity curves. The convexity of the curve is posterior and can be symmetrical or unilateral

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10
Q

What is the common mechanism involved in damage to the MCL?

A

Forced abduction of the tibia on the femur

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11
Q

What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?

A

Termination of the small saphenous vein, popliteal artery and vein, tibial and common fibular nerves, posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh, popliteal lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels

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13
Q

Where is the capsule of the knee joint?

A

Fascia extending from femur to tibia; strengthened by fibers of the fascia lata, IT tract, and tendons of the vasti hamstrings and sartorius muscles

14
Q

Where can you find the arcuate popliteal ligament?

A

Lateral condyle of the femur to the head of the fibula

16
Q

What is the function of the ACL?

A

Checks extension and anterior slipping of the tibia on the femur (or posterior displacement of the femur on the tibia)

17
Q

What is the common mechanism for LCL injury?

A

Forced adduction of the tibia on the femur

18
Q

What is the unhappy triad?

A

Tears of the ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus due to a blow to the lateral side of the knee while it is flexed

19
Q

Where can you find the lateral meniscus?

A

Attached to the tibia, anterior to the ACL, blending with it. Posteriorly attached behind the intercondylar eminence anterior to the medial meniscus

20
Q

Where can you find the medial meniscus?

A

Attached to tibia anterior to the ACL and to the posterior inter condylar area

21
Q

What is the function of the oblique popliteal ligament?

A

It reinforces the posterior surface of the joint capsule

22
Q

What types of movement does the knee joint allow?

A

Femur-tibia: flexion and extension with slight rotation when knee is flexed Femur-patella: sliding up and down

23
Q

What indicates a medial meniscus tear?

A

Pain on medial rotation of the tibia on the femur

25
Q

Where do ACL tears most commonly occur?

A

MIdportion of the ligament

26
Q

Where can you find the posterior cruciate ligament?

A

From posterior intercondylar fossa and posterior end of the lateral meniscus to the lateral surface of the medial femoral condyle anteriorly

27
Q

Where can you find the patellar ligament?

A

Apex of patella to the tuberosity of the tibia

28
Q

What is the function of the LCL?

A

Resists force that would push the knee joint laterally

30
Q

Where can you find the oblique popliteal ligament?

A

From the lateral femur to the posterior head of the tibia

31
Q

Where can you find the lateral collateral ligament?

A

Rounded, more narrow and less broad than the MCL. From lateral epicondyle of the femur to the head of the fibula below. Not fused to lateral meniscus.

LOWER LIMB (8 decks)

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