Knee

Question 1

Popliteus

Answer 1

O: groove for popliteus muscle (lateral femur and posterior horn of lateral meniscus
I: posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line
A: knee medial rotation, “unlocks” knee at beginning of knee flexion

Question 2

Gracilis

Answer 2

O: body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus
I: medial aspect of proximal part of tibia
A: knee flexion and medial rotation, assist hip adduction

Question 3

Vastus medialis

Answer 3

O: medial part of the intertrochanteric line and medial to the spiral line and linea aspera of the femur, extending inferiorly to the medial supracondylar line
I: tibial tuberosity, via tendon of quadriceps femoris muscle and patellar ligament, and medial border of patella.
A: knee extension

Question 4

Semimembranosus

Answer 4

O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial condyle of tibia
A: knee flexion and medial rotation, hip extension

Question 5

Vastus intermedius

Answer 5

O: anterior and lateral surfaces of body of femur
I: tibial tuberosity, via tendon of quadriceps femoris muscle and patellar ligament
A: knee extension

Question 6

Vastus lateralis

Answer 6

O: intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur
I: tibial tuberosity, via tendon of quadriceps femoris muscle and patellar ligament, lateral border of patella
A: knee extension

Question 7

Long head bicep femoris

Answer 7

O: ischial tuberosity
I: head of fibula
A: knee flexion and lateral rotation, hip extension

Question 8

Semitendinosus

Answer 8

O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial aspect of proximal part of tibia
A: knee flexion and medial rotation, hip extension

Question 9

Plantaris

Answer 9

O: lateral supracondylar line of femur
I: posterior surface of calcaneus
A: assist with knee flexion and plantar flexion

Question 10

Rectus femoris

Answer 10

O: anterior inferior iliac spine and supraacetabular groove of ilium
I: tibial tuberosity, via tendon of quadriceps femoris muscle and patellar ligament
A: knee extension, hip flexion

Question 11

Sartorius

Answer 11

O: ASIS
I: medial aspect of proximal part of tibia
A: knee flexion and medial rotation, assist with hip flexion, abduction and lateral rotation

Question 12

Iliotibial tract

Answer 12

Long strong band of connective tissue from iliac crest to tibia down lateral thigh
Helps stabilise extended knee joint

Question 13

Gastrocnemius (2 heads)

Answer 13

O: medial head = medial condyle and popliteal surface of femur
: lateral head = lateral condyle and lateral supracondylar line of femur
I: posterior surface of calcaneus, via calcaneal tendon
A: plantar flexion and knee flexion