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CD2203- Final > Knee 1 > Flashcards

Knee 1 Flashcards

1
Q

knee pain lifetime prevelence

A

45%

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2
Q

Red flags for lower extremity injuries

A
  • Ottawa ankle rules
  • Ottawa knee rules
  • dislocation of tibiofemoral jt
  • legg calves perth, slipped capital, congenital dysplasia
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3
Q

Ottawa knee rules

A
  1. > 55
  2. knee flex <90
  3. Tenderness patella/fib head
  4. inability to walk 4 steps
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4
Q

What forces does the med and lat meniscus withstand

A

med- compressive

lat- torsional forces

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5
Q

What part of the menisci are typically pain generators an what lig can be a pain generator

A 
post parts of menisci more vulnerable to injury
coronary lig (attach menisci to post tin plates) is innervated and can be pain generator
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6
Q

2 biomechanics knee movements

A

rocking- first 15-18

gliding- 15-135

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7
Q

What is the screwhome mechanism of the knee when non weight bearing and weight bearing

A

non- upon ext of knee, tibia rotates ext relative to femur

weight- upon ext of knee, femur rots int relative to tib

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8
Q

How do the menisci move during flexion

A

move post during flexion of knee

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9
Q

Ratio of med to lat menisci injuries

A

5:1

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10
Q

What injuries are the lat meniscus more associated with

A

Discoid meniscus

meniscal cyst

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11
Q

MOI for meniscal injury (3)

A

compression
torsional
combo of compression/torsional force

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12
Q

What type of meniscus tear causes inability to fully extend especially during walking

A

Bucket handle tear

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13
Q

Symptoms of meniscal injury

A
  • hx of trauma (knee twisting)
  • severe pain acutely
  • pain localized to jt line (mc)
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14
Q

Signs of meniscal injury

A
  • effusion (capsular)
  • Decreased ROM (flex/ext- ext lag)
  • may not be able to fully weight bear
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15
Q

What combo of tests should be used for meniscus injury

A

Mcmurrays, JLT and apleys

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16
Q

what is the gold standard imaging for meniscal lesions

A

mri

17
Q

what is the prognosis of partial and total meniscectomy

A

partial- good prognosis

total- increased incedence of oa

18
Q

mc and 2nd mc moi for acl injury in contact sports

A
  1. clipping- valgus loaf and ext rot of tibia

2. Hyperextension

19
Q

3 common moi for acl injury in non contact sport

A
  1. skiing injury (digging tip)- ext rot + valgus
  2. deceleration injury- ant force on prox tibia due to quad contraction
  3. hyperextension
20
Q

symptoms of ACL tear and what does 75% of cases show

A
  • loud snap/pop
  • immediate onset of pain (or no pain?)
  • 75% of cases w hemarthrosis
21
Q

signs of ACL tear

A
  • unable to weight bear
  • large knee effusion
  • decreased ROM
  • ACL tests +
22
Q

what is the 3 degrees of ACL tear

A

grade I- ant translation of tibia up to 5mm
grade II- ant translation of tibia up to 5-1cm
grade III- ant translation >1cm

23
Q

conservative tx of grade 1/2 acl tears

A

-rest/ice
-pain modalities
-ultrasound
-mobs
-bracing
3-6 weeks active rehab

24
Q

prognoisis of acl rehab (time line as well)

A
  • good to fair

- 5-8 months if they require surgery

25
Q

What gender is more susceptible to acl injuries and what are the intrinsic reasons for it

A

intrinsic- Smaller intercondylar notches, loose jointedness, effect of horomones on ligamentous tissue (no apparent relation between q angle and ACL injury)

26
Q

Cyclops lesion and sign for it

A

complication of acl reconstruction
-rounded fibrous mass sitting in the ant intercondylar notch

sign- may have extension lag

27
Q

What is a segond fx and what is it associated w

A

avulsion fx of the knee which involves the lat aspect of tibial plateau

(associated w ant cruciate lig disruption)

28
Q

MOi, hx, signsof PCL tear

A

moi- post force on prox tibia

vague symptoms but often present with patellofemoral symptoms

MILD swelling, nearly full rom

29
Q

Non operative vs operative PCL

A

non- treatment success 85% for grade 1/2

opperative- early PCL reconstruction surgeries yield best results

30
Q

What do you need to rule out in mcl/lcl lesions

A

xray to rule out fx and pellegrini sited lesion

31
Q

All 3 grades of mcl injury require what type of treatment

A

non operative**

rice, knee brace, electrotherapy, rom ex, strengthening, closed chain ex

32
Q

treatment of LCL injuries

A

grade 1/2- non operative (rice, knee brace, ex etc)

Grade 3- Operative

CD2203- Final (5 decks)

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