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CD2203- Final > Foot/Ankle > Flashcards

Foot/Ankle Flashcards

1
Q

What % of the pop has foot probs

A

80%

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2
Q

What mvmt does the tibiofibular jt allow for

A

small spread of 1-2mm to allow dorsiflexion

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3
Q

how much weight of the body does the fibula hold

A

17% (more when dorsiflexed)

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4
Q

What mvmt does the talocrural jt allow for

A

very mobile in PF

stable in DF

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5
Q

What ligs support the medial talocrural jt and what do they resistq

A

deltoid ligament- resist talar abduction, lat translation + lat rotation

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6
Q

What ligs support the lateral talocrural jt and what do they resist

A

ATFL- mc strained in plantar flex

CFL- neutral foot for strain

PTFL- resists df, adduction and medial translation of talus

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7
Q

When is the subtler jt in closed packed pos

A

sup

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8
Q

what are the 4 sets on jts in the midfoot

A
  1. Tarsometatarsal
  2. Intermetatarsal
  3. Metatarsophalangeak
  4. Interphalangeal
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9
Q

How does supination occur in the foot

A

inversion rot of calcareous/hindfoot, forfoot adduction and inward rot of tarsometatarsal jt

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10
Q

How does pronation occur in the foot

A

Evenersion rot of calcareous, forfoot abduction, outward rot of tarsometatarsal jt

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11
Q

What is the normal fick angle

A

12-18

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12
Q

What is the haggling deformity

A

calcification on calcareous

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13
Q

What is bunionettes bunion

A

prominence of lat aspect of the 5th toe metatarsal head

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14
Q

What is claw toes and why does it occur

A

hypertext of the MTP jt and flex of PIP and DIPS

-caused by defective lumbricles and interosseous mm

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15
Q

What is crossover toe and why does it occur

A

medial deviation in 2nd/3rd toes

-weakening of lat collateral lig MTP jt and insufiencency of plantar plate

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16
Q

what is curly toe and what is it due to

A

Flexion of both PIP and DIPs with MTP jt neutral

due to contracture of FDB and FDL tendons

17
Q

What is equines deformity and what is it due to

A

limited DF of talocrural jt

from contracture of gastric, soles, Achilles

(leads to excessive pronation at subtler jt)

18
Q

What it the pathogenesis of exostosis and mc loc

A

increased bone mass @ site of irrative lesion due to overuse

mc- dorsal TMT jt and head of 5th , calcaneous

19
Q

What is hallux rigidus and what is it due to

A

DF of great toe limited by OA of MTP jt

20
Q

What is hammer toe and what is it due to

A

extension contracture @ MTP jt and flexion contracture at PIP

-interosseus mm lose there flexion effect on prox phalanx

21
Q

What is mallet toe

A

flexion deformity of DIP on any of the lateral 4 toes

22
Q

What is metatarsus adductus- who is it common in, how to resolve

A

mc foot dev in kids
-foot appears adducted and sup

-85-90% resolve spontaneously

23
Q

what is mortons foot

A

2nd toe longer than the first

24
Q

What is mortons metatarsalgia and what is it due to

A

Formation of interdigital neuroma due to injury to an interdigital nerve (typically bw 3-4th toes)

*pain bw bones)

25
Q

What is plantar flexed first ray- congenital and aquired cause

A

big toe lies lower than other 4

congenital- caves foot
acquired- compensation for tibia varum

26
Q

What is rocker bottom foot and how is it dx

A

foorfoot is dorsiflexed in the hind foot

-med/lat arches absent

27
Q

what is turf toe and what is it due to

A

Hyperextension injury combined with compressive loading to the MTP jt of hallux

28
Q

Grade I, II, III lat ankle sprain- what is affected + recovery times

A

I- mild stretch usually ATFL, recovery 8 days

II- complete tear ATFL or partial ATFL+CFL, 20 days

III- Complete tear ATFL, ant capsul, CFL, 40 days

29
Q

Anterolat ankle impingement clinical prediction rules

A

5/6

  • antlat ankle jt tenderness
  • antlat ankle jt swelling
  • pain on forced dorsiflex
  • pain on affected side w single leg squat
  • pain w activities
  • abscence of ankle instability
30
Q

Syndesmosis injuries- mc spot and tests

A

mc medially

  • look for pain at the syndesmosis that may extend prox
  • inability to bear weight
  • may or may not have swelling
  • MRI best for imaging
  • EXT rot test/ squeeze test/ heal thump test
31
Q

What will indvs with achilles tendon tear have at rest

A

more dorsiflexed w in prone pos

32
Q

What is associated with achilles tendon tears

A

high % of ruptures show signs of tendinopathy

33
Q

typical presentation of plantar fascitis

A
  • heal pain in AM or after not moving
  • pain to palpation of plantar calcanea region
  • pain w dorsiflexion
34
Q

mc sites of deep peroneal nerve entrapment and what does it cause

A

sup/inf extensor retinaculum

-loss of dorsiflexion

35
Q

when is the superficial peroneal nerve affected

A

typically from inversion sprain

36
Q

What does the tibial n supply and if compressed @ tarsal tunnel/ knee what occurs

A

supplies entire post leg and plantar foot
tarsal tunnel- pain over medial ankle
knee- lose PF, inversion, toe flex, ad/ab

37
Q

Which nerve causes pain along the longitudinal arch

A

medial plantar nerve

38
Q

What does lateral plantar nerve injury cause

A

chronic, dull, aching heal pain accentuated by walking/running but no numbness

CD2203- Final (5 decks)

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