Kinseology Flashcards
What is kinseology?
The study of movement.
What is Anatomical position?
Standing up, Eyes Forward
Arms by the side, palm forward
toes forward
What are Anatomical Planes and The Types?
An imaginary line drawn through the anatomical position either horizontally or vertically.
Types:
Coronal (Frontal Plane), Sagittal Plane, Traverse Plane
Coronal Plane
Divides the body into front and back
Sagittal Plane
Divides the body into left and right sides
Traverse Plane
Divides the body into superior and inferior parts (top and bottom)
Medial
towards the midline
Lateral
towards the side of the body (away from the middle)
proximal
Near the trunk or near point of origin
distal
Away from trunk or away from point of origin
Inferior
Below or away from the head (near the feet)
Superior
Above or towards the head
Cranial
Towards the head
Anterior/ Ventral
towards the front of the body
Caudal
toward the tailbone
Posterior/ Dorsal
Towards the back of the body
What is the articular system?
series of joints that allow movement
Articulation and functions
When 2 bones come into contact and allow motion and stability
What are the classification of joints?
Synarthroses- immovable
Amphiarthroses- slightly movable
Diarthroses- freely movable
Synarthroses and types
Held together by fibrous tissues.
Sutures- skull
syndesmoses- bones connected by ligaments between the bones. ex. radius and ulna
gomphoses- gums and teeth
Amphiarthroses
Connected by fibrous or hyaline cartilage
Diarthroses
They are the most moveable joints
Ends covered in articular cartilage,
Outside the joint capsule is the articular capsule
separated by a space (joint cavity),
inside the joint cavity is the synovial membrane which secretes synovial fluid
Joint Stability Factors
Shape of the bones
Ligaments connecting the bones
Muscle tone
Types of Synovial Joints (6)
Pivot Joints (radius and ulna)
Gliding Joints (carpals and tarsals)
Ball and Socket joints (shoulder)
Hinge joint (elbow)
Condyloid Joint (metacarpals and phalanges)
Saddle joint (thumb)
Types of Movements (18)
Flexion, Extension, Hyperextension
Abduction, Adduction
Rotation, Cirumduction
Supination, Pronation
Elevation, Depression
Opposition
Plantar Flexion, Dorsiflexion
Inversion, Eversion
Protraction, Retraction
Closed chained exercises
The hand or foot is in a fixed position with a surface, usually the ground (Ex: squats)
Open Chain exercises
The furthest part of the chain (hand or foot) moves freely not affecting other parts of the body. Ex: picking up a cup of water.
Joint Disorders (5 types)
Bursitis, Arthritis, Rheumatic Fever
Rheumatoid Arthritis, Primary Fibrositis, osteoarthritis, and gout
