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Science > Kingdom Protista > Flashcards

Kingdom Protista Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is only one of the vast varieties of protists?

A

Diatoms

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2
Q

________ are eukaryotes which means that each of their cell contains a nucleus.

A

Protist

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3
Q

What are the categories of different protists?

A

Animal-like Protist, Plantlike Protists, and Fungus-like Protists

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4
Q

_____ ___ ___________ first saw protist, he called them “___________” which means miniature or little animals.

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek; animalcules

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5
Q

What literally translates to “first animals”?

A

Protozoans

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6
Q

They eat ________, _____, and other _________.

A

bacteria; algae; protozoans

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7
Q

What are unicellular, animal-like organisms and are larger that bacteria?

A

Protozoans

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8
Q

What can be found in both salt water and freshwater habitats?

A

Protozoans

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9
Q

Protozoans are divided into four main groups based on the way they move. Theses four groups are the __________, ________, ___________, and __________.

A

sarcodines; ciliates; flagellates; sporozoans

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10
Q

They are protozoans that move by means of pseudopodia. What is this?

A

Sarcodines

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11
Q

What are cytoplasmic extensions that are often called “false feet”?

A

Pseudopodia

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12
Q

What are these protists that have shell-like outer coverings?

A

Sarcodines

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13
Q

The most common sarcodine is _______. They are found in freshwater habitats and they move by means of pseudopodia.

A

Amoeba

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14
Q

They also use pseudopodia to get food. They are sensitive to bright light so they thrive in dark places.

A

Amoeba

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15
Q

What are these protozoans that move by means of cilia?

A

Ciliates

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16
Q

_____ are small hair-like projections outside the cell _______. They may cover the entire surface of a ciliate or maybe concentrated in certain areas.

A

Cilia; ciliates

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17
Q

What is the most common and interesting example of a ciliate?

A

Paramecium

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18
Q

What are protozoans that move by means of their ________ or whip-like structures?

A

Flagella; Flagellates

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19
Q

________ enable them to move in watery environments.

A

Flagella

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20
Q

What are some of the diseases the flagellates can cause?

A

African sleeping sickness

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21
Q

Some flagellates are _________.

A

Parasites

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22
Q

What is the flagellate that is both an autotroph and a heterotroph?

A

Euglena

23
Q

It is a tiny, oval-shaped organism with one pointed end and one rounded end. What is this?

A

Euglena

24
Q

The Euglena has an _______, a reddish structure that is sensitive to light. It tends to move towards areas where there is enough light because it uses light energy to make its own food.

A

Eyespot

25
Q

What forms spores, which are tiny reproductive cells?

A

Sporozoans

26
Q

Most __________ have complicated life cycles.

A

Sporozoans

27
Q

What have no means of moving and are carried from place to place by their hosts?

A

Sporozoans

28
Q

What can develop into a mature sporozoan?

A

Spore

29
Q

What is the most common sporozoan?

A

Plasmodium

30
Q

What is the organism that causes malaria?

A

Plasmodium

31
Q

Plasmodium is carried by the _________ mosquito.

A

Anopheles

32
Q

What happens when a carrier mosquito bites a person?

A

The mosquito injects its saliva into the bloodstream of the person. The plasmodium travels to the person’s liver, where it forms spores. Spores invade red blood cells, where they grow and multiply, and eventually destroy the cells by bursting to cause the release of more spores into the blood.

33
Q

_________ ________, also known as _____, are autotrophs, they make their own food.

A

Plantlike protists; algae

34
Q

What are capable of photosynthesis like plants?

A

Algae

35
Q

_________ ________ lack true stems, roots, or leaves that plants have.

A

Plantlike protist

36
Q

Algae are ______________ _________ just like plants.

A

Photosynthetic Organisms

37
Q

They form a diverse group of organisms whose sizes range from single-celled, like _________ to many-celled forms like the giant kelps.

A

Chlorella

38
Q

What thrives in freshwater, and in marine environment?

A

Algae

39
Q

Among the plantlike protists, the ___ _____ and _____ _____ are the closest relatives of land plants.

A

Red Algae; Green Algae

40
Q

What are reddish plantlike protists with thousands of known species?

A

Red Algae

41
Q

These are commonly known as “seaweeds”. What is this?

A

Red Algae

42
Q

What includes the chlorophytes and charophytes?

A

Green Algae

43
Q

What mostly live in freshwater habitats and other inhabit marine and terrestrial habitats?

A

Chlorophytes

44
Q

The ______-____ ________ include the _____ _____ and the _____ _____.

A

Fungus-like protists; Slime molds; Water molds

45
Q

Fungus-like protists have ____ _____ and are capable of forming spores, structures that they use for reproduction.

A

Cell walls

46
Q

What vary considerably in size because while some of them measure a a few centimeters, others can be as big as several kilometers?

A

Slime molds

47
Q

What is a common slime mold that forms tufts on the outside of rotting logs?

A

Stemonitis

48
Q

What is also called as ‘dog vomit mold,” forms yellow crusts on decaying wood?

A

Fuligo

49
Q

What molds live in water or in moist environments?

A

Water molds

50
Q

Where do fungi and water molds differ?

A

Cell walls

51
Q

Water molds have cell walls made of _________, while the cell walls of fungi consists of ______.

A

Cellulose; Chitin

52
Q

These are a common problem to farmers because they can be parasitic on farm animals and crops. What is this?

A

Water molds

53
Q

What water mold makes the stems and roots of the infected potatoes turn to black slime?

A

Phytophthora infestans

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