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Science > Divisions of the Nervous System > Flashcards

Divisions of the Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two divisions of the nervous system?

A

Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System

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2
Q

What is the traffic controller of the nervous system?

A

Central Nervous System

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3
Q

What division means “outside” or “edge”?

A

Peripheral Nervous System

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4
Q

What division represents the drivers and pedestrian in a street corner?

A

Peripheral Nervous System

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5
Q

What does the central nervous system consist of?

A

The brain and spinal cord

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6
Q

What is the control center of the body?

A

Central Nervous System

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7
Q

What regulates bodily activities and sends and receives messages to and from all body parts?

A

Central Nervous System

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8
Q

What is the most important part of the nervous system?

A

Brain

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9
Q

How heavy is the brain of an adult?

A

1.3 to 1.4 kilograms

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10
Q

What is the bony or cartilaginous case that encloses and protects the brain?

A

Skull

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11
Q

What does the thin layer of liquid between the brain and skull do?

A

It bathes the brain and acts like a shock absorber against sudden impact.

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12
Q

What are the three main parts of the brain?

A

The cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem

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13
Q

What is the largest, most important part of the brain and makes up 80 percent of the brain?

A

Cerebrum

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14
Q

Where do nerve impulses that allow you to think, remember, reason, speak, and solve problems?

A

Cerebrum

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15
Q

What controls most voluntary muscle contractions and identifies the information that the senses gather?

A

Cerebrum

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16
Q

What is the thin layer of tissue on the surface of the cerebrum?

A

Cerebral Cortex

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17
Q

What word means “rind” or “bark”?

A

Cortex

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18
Q

What is covered with folds and creases?

A

Cerebral Cortex

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19
Q

What is the brownish-gray neuron cell bodies?

A

Gray Matter

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20
Q

What is made up of primarily of axon tracts?

A

White Matter

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21
Q

What makes a part of the brain look white?

A

Myelin

22
Q

What is found deep in the brain?

A

White Matter

23
Q

What is found at the back of the brain and send impulses that help control balance and posture?

A

Cerebellum

24
Q

What coordinates the movements of muscles in your eyes, arms, and hands?

A

Cerebellum

25
Q

What does the cerebrum and cerebellum pass through?

A

Brain Stem

26
Q

What lies below the skull and is only 8 centimeters long?

A

Brain Stem

27
Q

What connects the brain to the spinal cord?

A

Medulla

28
Q

What is in charge of the bodily actions?

A

Medulla

29
Q

What is a response that happens automatically?

A

Reflex

30
Q

What occurs rapidly and without conscious control?

A

Reflex

31
Q

What extends from the medulla down the length of the spine?

A

Spinal cord

32
Q

How long is the spinal cord?

A

43 cm long in adult women and 45 cm long in adult men.

33
Q

What protects the spinal cord by the bones of the spine?

A

Spinal column

34
Q

What are the tissues of the spinal cord that form two layers?

A

The outer layer is white matter and the inner layer is gray matter.

35
Q

What are the two principal functions of the spinal cord?

A
  1. It connects the brain to the nerves in the trunk, arms, and legs.
  2. It controls most of the body’s reflex actions.
36
Q

What carries messages between the central nervous system and the rest of the body?

A

Peripheral Nervous System

37
Q

How many are the pairs of the cranial nerves?

A

12 Pairs of cranial nerves

38
Q

How many are the pairs of the spinal nerves?

A

31 Pairs of spinal nerves

39
Q

What are the two divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System?

A

The Autonomic System and the Somatic Nervous System

40
Q

What is the one important part of the Peripheral Nervous System that normally acts without conscious thinking?

A

Autonomic Nervous System

41
Q

The ______ in the autonomic nervous system work against each other to keep body activities in perfect balance.

A

Nerves

42
Q

The autonomic nervous system can be further divided into the ___________ and ________________ nervous systems.

A

Sympathetic; Parasympathetic

43
Q

The ___________ nervous system controls the responses of the body to stressful and threatening situations.

A

Sympathetic

44
Q

The ________________ nervous system controls the bodily functions associated with rest and digestion.

A

Parasympathetic

45
Q

What consist of motor nerves originating from the brain stem and the base of the spine?

A

Parasympathetic Nervous System

46
Q

The nerves of these two systems have opposite effects on the organs and glands. These opposite effects help the body maintain ___________.

A

Homeostasis

47
Q

What is composed of cranial and spinal nerves that go from the central nervous system to the skeletal muscles?

A

Somatic Nervous System

48
Q

They are voluntary muscles because they can be contracted and moved at will. These muscles respond to impulses from the somatic nervous system. What is this?

A

Skeletal muscles

49
Q

Some reflexes involve ________ _______ even though the activity is involuntary. They also occur through the nerves of the somatic nervous system.

A

Skeletal muscles

50
Q

How do you care for your nervous system?

A
  1. Get plenty of rest.
  2. Be physically fit.
  3. Do not take drugs without a doctor’s prescription.

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