Kinetics vocab Flashcards
Activated Complex
the arrangement of atoms found at the top of the potential
energy barrier as a reaction proceeds from reactants to products
Activation Energy
the threshold energy that must be overcome to produce a
chemical reaction
Absorption
= the collection of one substance on the surface of another
Bimolecular step
a reaction involving the collision of two molecules
Catalyst
= a substance that speeds up a reaction without being consumed
Chemical Kinetics
the area of chemistry that concerns reaction rates
Collision Model
a model based on the ideal that molecules must collide to react;
used to account for the observed characteristics of reaction rates
Differential rate law
an expression that gives the rate of a reaction as a function
of concentrations; often called the rate law
Elementary Step
a reaction whose rate law can be written from its molecularity
Enzyme
a large molecule, usually a protein, that catalyzes biological reactions
Half-life (reactant)
the time required for a reactant to reach half of its original
concentration
integrated rate law
an expression that shows the concentration of a reactant as a
function of time.
Intermediate
a species that is neither a reactant nor a product but that is formed
and consumed in the reaction sequence.
Molecular orientation (kinetics)
orientations of molecules during collisions, some
of which can lead to reaction while other cannot
Molecularity
a number of species that elementary must collide to produce the reaction represented by an elementary step in a reaction mechanism
