Kinetics Flashcards
What does collision theory state?
For a reaction to take place particles must collide AND they must collide with enough energy to break the bonds in the reactants
How does increasing temperature increase the rate of reaction?
This increases the kinetic energy of particles, this increases the frequency and energy of collisions
How does increasing concentration increase the rate of a reaction?
There are more particles in a given volume, so they are closer together, resulting in more frequent collisions
How does increasing the pressure of a gas increase the rate of a reaction?
There are more particles in a given volume, so they are closer together, resulting in more frequent collisions
How does increasing the surface area of a solid increase the rate of reaction?
More particles are exposed and are available to collide, resulting in more frequent collisions
How does a catalyst increase the rate of a reaction?
Catalysts provide an alternative pathway with a lower activation energy - this means more particles have the minimum energy for successful collisions to occur
What is activation energy
The minimum amount of energy required to break the bonds in the reactants to allow the reaction to occur
What is along the x and y axes in a Maxwell Boltzmann distribution graph?
x-energy, y-fraction of particles
Why does the Maxwell Boltzmann curve start at zero?
No particles have zero energy
Why does the right hand side of the curve ever touch the axis at zero
There are no upper limit to the amount of energy some particles may have
What does the area under a Maxwell Boltzmann curve correlate to?
The total number of particles
What does the area under a Maxwell Boltzman curve at and above Eact represent?
The number of particles that have at least the activation energy and above to react
What happens to the number of particles with Eact and above at higher temperatures?
Increases
What happens to Eact when a catalyst is used?
The Eact with a catalysts is lower, which results in more particles having the minimum energy in order to react successfully
