Alcohols Flashcards
What is an alcohol?
An organic compound with an -OH group
Draw the structure of the first three alcohols
Methanol, ethanol and propanol
Name a given alcohol, diol or triol
Methanol, Methan-diol, Methan-triol
What are the physical properties of alcohols?
Relatively high mp and bp, miscible with water
Explain the physical properties of alcohols
OH group leads to hydrogen bonding
What are the two methods for production of ethanol?
Fermentation of glucose, hydration of ethene
What are the conditions for the production of ethanol from ethene?
Heat, sulphuric acid catalyst, water
What conditions are necessary for the fermentation of glucose?
Compromise temperature of 35°C, enzymes, sealed vessel
Give two advantages of production of ethanol from glucose
Low tech required, renewable, potentially carbon neutral
Give three disadvantages of production of ethanol from glucose
Slow, Low yield, Significant land use, Has to be distilled, Labour intensive
How is ethanol extracted after fermentation of glucose?
Fractional distillation
Give two advantages of production of ethanol from ethene
Fast reaction, Pure product, Continuous process, Low on manpower, High yield, 100% alcohol
Give three disadvantages of production of ethanol from ethene
High technology, Non-renewable source, Expensive equipment
Write a balanced symbol equation for the complete combustion of a given alcohol
CH4 + 2O2 -> CO2 + 2H2O
What is a dehydration of an alcohol reaction?
One where water is eliminated from an alcohol