Kinetics Flashcards
factors that influence reaction rate
- concentration
- physical state
- temperature
reaction rate:
concentration (2)
- molecules must collide to react
- Increase # molecules, increase # of collisions
reaction rate:
physical State
- molecules must mix to collide
- increased Surface Area, faster reaction
reaction rate:
temperature
- molecules must collide with enough energy to react
- Increase temp, increase reaction rate due to ^ in energy
___ [reactants], [products] ____
decrease, increase
Rate equation
rate = k x [A]m x [B]n
m=1
if the rate doubles when [A] doubles
m=2
if the rate quadruples when [A] doubles
m=0
if the [A] doubles but no change in the rate
1st order rate =?
k[A]
2nd order rate=?
k[A]2
zero order rate=?
k
1st order rxn? (2)
ln[A]f-ln[A]i=-kt
ln[A]f=-kt+ln[A]i
2nd order rxn?
1/[A]f=kt+1/[A]i
zero order rxn?
[A]f=-kt+[A]i
half life 1st order
t1/2=ln x 2/k
half life 2nd order
t1/2=1/k[A]i
half life zero order
t1/2=[A]i/2k
arrhenius equation
k=Ae^-EA/RT
as temp ___, # of molecules with a high EA ___
increase, increase
___ EA, ___ product formation
increase, decrease
molecularity
each steps # of reactants
uni-molecular
1 reactant
bimolecular
2 reactants
termolecular
3 reactants
catalyst
a substance that increases rate but is not consumed, they lower activation energy of the reaction
homogeneous catalyst
existing in same solution mixture
heterogeneous catalyst
speed up rxn but in different phases
