Kinetic Particle theory Flashcards
Which has the highest density?
- Solid
- Liquid
- Gas
What happens when a solid is heated to a liquid(melting)?
When a solid is heated, heat energy is absorbed by the solid particles.The heat energy is then converted into kinetic energy and particles begin to vibrate faster.At the melting point, the particles vibrate vigorously enough to overcome the forces of attraction and be disorderly arranged.A liquid is then formed.
Why does the temperature remain constant even though heat is continuously supplied?
During melting, heat energy is taken in by the particles of the solid to overcome the forces of attraction, instead of using it to raise the temperature.
What happens during boiling?
When a liquid is heated, heat energy is absorbed by particles.The particles gain kinetic energy and start to move faster as the temperature rises.Eventually, the particles through the liquid have enough energy to break free the forces of attraction holding them together.The particles can now spread apart and move rapidly in all directions.A gas is formed.
Where does evaporation take place and what does it produce?
Takes place at the surface of the liquid where particles have enough energy to break free from liquid and escape as a gas.Produces a cooling effect as particles left behind have less kinetic energy.
Why does sublimation occur?
Particles at the surface of solid have enough energy to break free from solid and escapes as gas
Is it possible to separate iodine and moth ball using fractional distillation?
No, because iodine and naphthalene both sublime when heated and be collected together are the filter funnel.
What happens during condensation?
When a gas is cooled, particles lose energy.Thye move slower and slower.The forces of attraction between particles will strengthen and bring particles closer together.A liquid is formed.
What happens during freezing?
When a liquid is cooled, the particles lose energy.They move slower and slower.The forces of attraction between particles strengthen and particles can only vibrate about fixed positions.A solid is formed.(Freezing point=Melting point)
Arrangement of particles for solid
Particles are very closely packed in regular pattern
Arrangement of particles of liquid
Particles are closely packed in irregular pattern
Arrangement of particles of gases
Particles are far apart in irregular pattern
Movement of particles for solids
Particles vibrate in fixed positions
Movement of particles of liquids
Particles slide past over one another
Movement of particles of gases
Particles move quickly in random directions
