Kinetic Model of Matter

Question 1

what are the physical properties of solids?

Answer 1

high density; fixed volume and shape

Question 2

what are the physical properties of liquids?

Answer 2

relatively high density; fixed volume, incompressible and adopts the shape of its container

Question 3

what are the physical properties of gases?

Answer 3

low density; no fixed volume and shape

Question 4

what is Brownian motion?

Answer 4

the random motion of particles suspended in fluids. this is due to the fluid particles moving about randomly and bombarding the suspended particles.

Question 5

what are some examples of Brownian motion?

Answer 5

smoke particles suspended in air; pollen suspended in water

Question 6

how does temperature correlate to the movement/motion of particles?

Answer 6

at higher temperatures, pollen grains in water move more vigorously.

motion of pollen grains remain random.

at higher temperatures, molecules move at higher speeds and have greater kinetic energies.

Question 7

using the kinetic model of matter, explain why solids have high density.

Answer 7

many particles packed closely together per unit volume

Question 8

using the kinetic model of matter, explain why solids have a fixed volume and shape.

Answer 8

particles packed closely together and vibrate about fixed position as they are held in place by strong attractive forces.

Question 9

using the kinetic model of matter, explain why liquids have a relatively high density.

Answer 9

particles arranged slightly further apart compared to solids. they are randomly arranged thus number of particles per unit volume is slightly lower.

Question 10

using the kinetic model of matter, explain why liquids have a fixed volume, are incompressible and adopts the shape of its container.

Answer 10

the particles are free to move about in container that holds liquid. the attractive forces are still strong enough to hold particle together.

Question 11

explain using the kinetic model of matter, why gases have a low density.

Answer 11

there are few particles per unit volume as they are very far apart.

Question 12

explain using the kinetic model of matter, why gases do not have a fixed volume and shape.

Answer 12

the particles are free to move about randomly at high speeds, attractive forces between gas particles are very weak.