Kinesiology Week 10 Flashcards
What are the muscles that control pelvic tilt?
- abdominals (rectus abdominis, external oblique)
- Hip flexors (iliopsoas, T.F. latae, rectus femoris, sartorius)
- Low back extensors
- Hip extensors (gluteus maximus, hamstrings)
anterior pelvic tilt
force couples: between the hip flexors (pulling down) and
low back muscles (pulling up)
posterior pelvic tilt
force couples: hip extensors (pulling down) and abdominals (pulling up)
listen to lecture on the first slide about why lordosis with pelvic tilt
What are the bones of the pelvis?
Does the hip joint have more or less ROM than the shoulder?
less ROM, more congruent than the glenohumeral joint, stability is important due to weight bearing
What are the movements of the hip joint?
abduction/adduction
flexion/extension
medial/lateral rotation
circumduction
The _______ brings blood supply to the femur
acetabulum?
(lack of blood supply can cause necrosis)
What are the three ligaments surrounding the hip joint?
iliofemoral ligament
pubofemoral ligament
ischiofemoral ligament
Anterior hip muscles
Posterior hip muscles
What muscles are involved in hip flexion?
What muscles are involved in hip extension?
What muscles are involved in hip abduction?
What muscles are involved in hip adduction?
What muscles are involved in lateral rotation?
What muscles are involved in medial rotation?
Iliopsoas muscle
-Psoas major
-Iliacus
-flexes the thigh at the hip joint when the trunk is stabilized at erect position
-flexes the trunk against gravity when the body is supine
Tensor Fascia Latae muscle
origin: anterior superior iliac spine
insertion: iliotibial band
action: abducts and help stabilize and steady the hip and knee joints by putting tension on the iliotibial band of fascia
innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Sartorius muscle
origin: anterior superior iliac spine
insertion: superior aspect of the medial surface of the tibial shaft near the tibial tuberosity
action: flexes and laterally rotates the hip joint and flexes the knee
innervation: femoral nerve
assists for hip flexion, abduction and lateral rotation
Gluteus Maximus
origin: upper portion of ilium, the sacrum and coccyx
insertion: gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract
action: principal extensor and lateral rotator of femur
Gluteus Medius
origin: external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal line
insertion: greater trochanter of femur
action: abduction of femur, medially/internal rotation of femur, lateral rotation of femur, depression or pelvis
Gluteus Minimus
origin: external surface of ilium between the anterior and inferior
insertion: greater trochanter of femur
action: abduction of femur, medial/internal rotation of femur, depression of pelvis
Hamstrings
Muscles:
-biceps femoris: main hamstring muscle
-semimembranosus: lower inner hamstring muscle
-semitendinosus- upper inner hamstring muscle
Function:
-primary: open or extend hip joint by pulling femur posterior
-secondary: bend or flex the knee, rotate the lower leg
Pelvic Floor
-muscles and other connective tissue at the floor of the pelvis that stretch in a hammock-like fashion from the anterior pubic bone to the coccyx and from on ischial tuberosity to the contralateral ischial tuberosity
-function: primary function is to provide control to release urine, feces, and flatus OR to delay emptying
-other functions inside: provide support for fetus during pregnancy in women, provide muscle control needed for sexual function in both men and women
Pelvic Floor Dysfunction
Can be tight or weak caused by:
-inactivity
-pregnancy/childbirth
-constipation
-being overweight
-persistent heaving lifting
-high impact exercise
-persistent chronic coughing
-aging
-surgery for bladder or bowel problems
-prostate cancer treatment (men)
Functional implications
-poor bowel or bladder control
-constipation
-painful sex or erectile dysfunction
-urgency
-pelvic pain
-stress incontinence
-leaking
-rectal or bladder prolapse
