Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

KINESIOLOGY > KINESIOLOGY - Lower Limb > Flashcards

KINESIOLOGY - Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Describe a single Gait cycle

A

“The time from the point at which the heel of one foot touches the ground to the time it touches the ground again”

Left -> Right -> left or Right -> Left -> Right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 2 major phases of the Gait cycle?
&
What percentage of walking gate do they represent?

A
  • Stance Phase = 60%

- Swing Phase = 40%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Antalgic Gait? And how does it change dominance.

A

Antalgic Gait Occurs with illness or injury
It is altering if the gait to avoid pain!

It also reverses the phase percentages
Stance Phase = 40%
Swing Phase = 60%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Explain double limb support within the Gait Cycle?

A

This is the period where both limbs are in contact with the ground
This occurs at the start and end of stance phase.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 5 phases of the stance phase within the Gait Cycle?

A
  • Heel Strike
  • Foot Flat
  • Mid Stance
  • Heel Off
  • Toe Off
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 Phases of the Swing Phase within the Gait cycle?

A

What are the 3 Phases of the Swing Phase within the Gait cycle?

  • Early Swing (acceleration)
  • Mid swing
  • Late Swing (Deceleration)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the clinical implications of the gait cycle?

A
  • Should be symmetry between both limbs if not the ERI should aim to identify through subjective and objective assessment where the issue lies.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 2 descriptors of Gait?

A
  • Temporal & Spatial
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 6 ways gait can be described temporally?

A
  • Step time
  • Stride time
  • Cadence
  • Normal Step rate
  • Normal gait speed
  • walking speed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are 4 ways gait can be described spatially?

A
  • Stride length
  • Step length
  • Step width (base)
  • Angle of toe out
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does GRF stand for? (reference Gait)

A
  • Ground Reaction Forces
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

To minimise energy expenditure during normal gait, joints and limb segments are moved in such a way that the COG of the body moves in a ______________ pathway in both transverse and sagittal planes

A
  • Sinusoidal pathway
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 3 reasons the body moves in a Sinusoidal motion during the gait cycle?

A
  • Energy conservation
  • Reduces impact forces
  • Reduces movement of the COG
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

During sinusoidal motion the body moves in two ways. What are they and what is there normal variation?

A
  • Vertical displacement of CoM 5cm (up-down of the head)

- Side to side displacement of CoM (right to left deviation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

There are 6 Determinants of Gait, what are they?

A
  • Lateral Pelvic Tilt
  • Pelvic Rotation
  • Knee flexion (stance phase)
  • Knee interactions
  • Foot and Ankle interactions
  • Minimising Lateral Excursion of the pelvis (physical valgus of knee)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

(6 determinants of Gait)

  1. Describe Lateral Pelvic Tilt
A
  • Dropping of the pelvis on the non-weight bearing side minimises the upward movement of COG.
  • The COG displaces vertically approx. 5cm
17
Q

(6 determinants of Gait)

  1. Describe Pelvic Rotation
A
  • Rotation occurs in the transverse plane with the swinging leg
  • Increases with step length
  • Hip adduction – controlled by eccentric action of the abductors on the WB side
18
Q

(6 determinants of Gait)

  1. Describe Knee flexion in the stance phase
A
  • Occurs at mid stance to minimise the upward movement of the COG
  • Controlled by the eccentric action of the quads.
19
Q

(6 determinants of Gait)

  1. Describe Knee interactions
A
  • Movement of the knee into flex and ext during phases has the effect of absorbing kinetic energy for reutilization and increasing step length.
  • The swing phase has the effect of reducing limb length for ground clearance.
20
Q

(6 determinants of Gait)

  1. Describe foot and ankle interactions
A
  • The foot and ankle will absorb kinetic energy and increase step stride length in the stance phase.
  • Shorten the limb for ground clearance (ankle DF)
21
Q

(6 determinants of Gait)

  1. Minimising lateral excursion of the pelvis – physiological valgus at the knee
A
  • Alignment of the tibio-femoral joint allows the base of support to be kept under the body minimising lateral excursion of the COG.
  • Lateral displacement of the COG is approx. 4cm.
22
Q

What are the 6 factors that can Affect Gait

A
  • Structural imbalance – kinetic chain
  • Tight or weak muscles – Injury/ overtraining
  • Un co-ordinating movement – Vestibular/visual
  • Soft tissue or bony changes – subtalar/Achilles
  • Limitation of joint movement – Osteo Arthritis
  • Pain or swelling – Injury

KINESIOLOGY (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions