Kinesiology exam (Muscles)

Question 1

diaphragm

Answer 1

Changing pressure of the thoracic cavity; Breathing
Origin: sternum and cartilage of the ribs and lumbar vertebrae
Insert: central tendon

Question 2

Pectoralis Major

Answer 2

Internal rotation, adduction, and flexion of the arm
Origin: Clavicle, lower sternum, costal cartilage of 1-6 ribs
Insert: the lateral lip of the tubercular groove

Question 3

Trapezius

Answer 3

in charge of: scapular elevation, adduction, retraction, upward rotation, and depression
Origin: base of the occipital bone and all cervical and thoracic vertebrae
Inserts: Spine of scapula and acromion and clavicle

Question 4

Biceps Brachii

Answer 4

in charge of flexion and supination of the elbow
Origin: short head-tip of the coracoid process/ long head- supraglenoid tubercle
Insert: radial tuberosity

Question 5

Triceps Brachii

Answer 5

Main extensor of the arm
origin: Lateral head - Posterior prospect of humerus Long Head - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Medial Head - Posterior aspect of the humerus
Insert: upper part of the ulna (olecranon)

Question 6

Deltoid

Answer 6

Flexes and medially rotates the shoulder, abducts arm, laterally rotates arm
Origin: Clavicle, acromion, spine of the scapula
Insert: medial aspect of humerus

Question 7

Rectus Abdominis muscle

Answer 7

flexes trunk and helps with expiration, defecation, and childbirth
origin: Pubic crest and symphysis pubis
Insert: Xiphoid process and inferior ribs

Question 8

Latissimus dorsi muscle

Answer 8

adductor, extensor, and internal rotator of the arm
Origin: along the lumbar and lower half of the thoracic vertebrae and iliac crest and sacrum below
Insert: humerus on the floor of the intertubercular groove under pectoralis major’s muscle tendon.

Question 9

Biceps femoris

Answer 9

extensor of hip and a flexor of the knee, externally rotates flexed knee

Question 10

Teres Major

Answer 10

Medial rotator, adductor, extends the humerus at shoulder
Origin: inferior lateral border of scapula
insert: medial lip of the intertubercular groove of humerus

Question 11

Tibialis anterior muscle

Answer 11

dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot
Origin: anterior shaft of tibia
insert: medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal

Question 12

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 12

Flexes head from side to side
origin: sternum and clavicle
insert: mastoid process

Question 13

Skeletal Muscles

Answer 13

Voluntary, striated, and attach to bones by tendons and tissues

Question 14

Cardiac Muscles

Answer 14

Involuntary, striated and found in heart

Question 15

Smooth muscles

Answer 15

Involuntary, non-striated, and surround the body’s internal organs

Question 16

Concentric

Answer 16

muscle fibres shorten

Question 17

Eccentric

Answer 17

Muscle fibre lengthen

Question 18

Isometric

Answer 18

muscle fibre stay the same

Question 19

Isotonic exercise

Answer 19

Controlled shortening and lengthening of muscles

Question 20

Isometric Exercise

Answer 20

No motion - muscle fibers stay the same length

Question 21

isokinetic exercise

Answer 21

uses machines to control the speed of contractions and combines the best features of both isotonic and isometric training

Question 22

what is a muscle fiber

Answer 22

they consist of a single muscle cell and help organize the movement of limbs and tissues
- contains myosin and actin most of the time

Question 23

Sliding Filament Theory

Answer 23

Results in the shortening of the sarcomere and muscle contraction