Kines-The Hand Flashcards
What bones and joints make up the thumb (1st digit)?
Bones- CMC joint is made up of the the trapezium bone articulating with the base of the first metacarpal.
Joints- Carpometacarpal (CMC)
Metacarpophalangeal joint
Interphalangel joint.
What type of joint is the CMC joint and what are the motions that occur?
Saddle joint, it has motion in all 3 planes. Flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, opposition, and reposition.
What type of joints are the MCP and IP joints of the thumb?
MCP joint of the thumb is a hinge joint that only allows flexion and extension, and is therefore uniaxial.
The IP joint of the thumb also only allows flexion and extension.
What are the 4 joints of the 2nd,3rd, 4th and 5th digits called?
CMC joint, MCP joint, proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP), and the distal interphalangel joint (DIP)
What kind of joints are the carpometacarpal joints of the fingers?
nonaxial (irregular plane), synovial joint that provides more stability than mobility.
What are the articulations of the CMC joint?
The trapezium articulates with the base of the first metacarpal, the trapezoid articulates with the second metacarpal, the capitate with the third metacarpal, and the hamate with the 4th and 5th metacarpals.
What kind of joints are the metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) of the fingers and what are the motions occurring in this joint?
biaxial condyloid joints. The motions allowed at these joints are flexion, extension, hyperextension, abduction, and adduction.
What are the articulations of the MCP joint of the fingers?
the rounded heads of the metacarpals articulate with the base of the proximal phalanges. They are commonly called our knuckles.
What are the two interphalangeal joints of the fingers?
the PIP and DIP. PIP occurs between the proximal and middle phalanges. The DIP joint occurs between the middle and distal phalanges.
What type of joints are the PIP and DIP joints of the fingers?
uniaxial hinge joints and allow only flexion and extension
What ligaments and other important structures are present in the hand?
Flexor retinaculum ligament, palmar carpal ligament, transverse carpal ligament, extensor retinaculum ligament, extensor expansion ligament.
The extensor hood, proximal carpal arch, distal carpal arch, longitudinal arch
What are some common wrist and hand pathologies?
Colles Fracture Skier’s Thumb
Smith’s Fracture Gameskeeper’s Thumb
Greenstick Fracture boutonniere deformity
Carpal Tunnel Ulnar Drift
De Quervain’s disease Mallet Finger
Tenosynovitis Scaphoid Fracture
Dupuytren’s Contracture Kienbocks Disease
Trigger Finger
What are the extrinsic muscles of the thumb and fingers?
Anterior- Flexor Digitorum Superficialis, Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Posterior- Extensor Digitorum, Extensor Digiti minimi, Extensor Indicis
What are the extrinsic muscles of thumb
Flexor Pollicus Longus, Abductor Pollicus Longus, Extensor Pollicus Longus, Extensor Pollicis Brevis
What are Intrinsic muscles of the hand? (Thenar)
Flexor Pollicus brevis, Abductor Pollicis Brevis, Opponens Pollicis
