Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gross & Applied Anatomy I > Kines Shoulder > Flashcards

Kines Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

The Shoulder

At a Glance

A 
Mobility at expense of stability
17-20 muscles
5-7 articulations act as a mechanism
Effective control of hand in space
Aids in lifting and pushing
Considered a weight bearing joint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Predisposed characteristics of shoulder

A

High mobility
Low stability
“Freely hanging” control of arm in space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the steps in successful treatment of the shoulder complex?

A 
Anatomical knowledge
Biomechanics knowledge
Systemic clinical exam
Accurate MS diagnosis & classification 
Effective intervention
Outcome assessment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Outcome Assessment

A 
What is most important to pt?
Return to proper function
Increase strength
Decrease pain
*No guarantees, just probability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Clinical Approach in PT

A 
Anatomical imperatives
Pathomechanics
Clinical decision making in exam
Measurement scales and functional measures
EBP issues (evidence based practice)
Treatments
Therapeutic exercises
Post op surgical management 
Case examples
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Thoracic outlet syndrome

A

Poor posture, rounded shoulders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Shoulder as a mechanism

A

Rigid bodies connected by joint in order to accomplish a desired force and/or motion.
Multi-Joint movement
Involves nerves, ligaments, muscles, joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Glenohumeral motions

A 
(All in relation to Global vs. Remote vectors)
Backward extension
Abduction
Horizontal flexion
Horizontal extension
Foward flexion
External rotation
Internal rotation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Scapular motions

A 
Elevation
Depression
Adduction
Abduction
Upward rotation
Downward rotation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Benefits of labrum in glenoid fossa

A

Creates deeper glenoid
Also provides some suction
Gives more surface area to improve stability
Wedge shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Changing radius of curvature

A

Increases ligamentous stretch with glenohumeral abduction
There are points where ligaments are tight and other points where they are loose.
Role of ligaments can never overtake muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why joint symmetry?

A

Accepts forces
Absorbs shock
Efficiency of articular space - gliding
Enhance lubrication & room for aberrations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Torques at shoulder

A

Trying to pull up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Gravity at shoulder

A

Trying to pull down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Arthokinematics

A

Movement of joint surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Arthokinematics of shoulder

A

Rotation
Rolling
Translation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Rotation

Arthokinematics

A

Moving contact point on moving surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Rolling

Arthokinematics

A

Both contact points move equally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Translation

Arthokinematics

A

Contact point moves on stationary surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Convex-Concave Rule

A

When a concave member is moving on a fixed convex, accessory motion = in same direction as physiological

When convex member is moving on a fixed concave, accessory motion = in opposition direction as physiological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Examples of Convex-Concave Rule

A

Flexion of knee
Posterior glide
(mobilize down/posterior)

Extension of knee
Anterior glide
(mobilize up/anterior)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Angles of shoulder joint

A

Head to shaft 135*

Retroversion of head 30* posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Subacromial space of shoulder

A

Gives 9-12mm of space

Significant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Key to movement

A

Structure dictates function which dictates mobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

First goal of Rotator cuff muscles

A

Compress the joint

Then movement of muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Bursae

Function & Locations in Shoulder Joint

A

Prevent friction

Locations
Between infraspinatus and capsule
Superior surface of acromiom
Between coracoid and capsule
Under coracobrachialis
Between teres major and long head of triceps
In front of and behind tendon a latissimus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Circle of stability

A 
Supraspinatus (superior)
SGHL (anterior)
Subscapularis (anterior)
MGHL (inferior)
IGHL (inferior)
Teres minor (posterior)
Infraspinatus (posterior)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Types of Labral Tears

A

Roman numeral I-IV
Type I - minimal
Type IV - severe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Proactive type tests

A

Give themes information in the clinic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Ligamentous support via outgrowths of capsule

A

Coracoclavicular ligaments

Coroacromial ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Coracoclavicular ligament

A 
Secondary restraint for humeral head
Prevents upward dislocation of head
Subacromial space (9-10mm ideal)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Glenohumeral ligaments

A

Superior, middle, and inferior GH lig.
Abduction
External rotation
Internal rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Glenohumeral ligaments

A

Superior, middle, and inferior GH lig.
Abduction (at 45* all lig. are lax)
External rotation
Internal rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Ligament function

A

Do not contract, just lose or gain tension!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Abduction degrees of GH lig.

A

at 45* all lig. are lax
at 90* superior lig. lax and IGH taught
(catches head underneath)

36
Q

IGH ligament

A

Hammocking action

37
Q

Capsular balance

A

If constantly out of position, then constantly pressuring capsule

38
Q

Capsular laxity

A

Creates internal ROM restriction

39
Q

Coracoumeral ligament

A

Resist extension and adduction
Prevents distraction of arm
Has two bands to it

40
Q

Good posture significance

A

Functional and biomechanics significance

Importance to moving and changing position

41
Q

Long head tendon of biceps in GH stability

A

Biarticular muscle (crosses two joints)
Contributes 25% to abduction
Secondary stabilizers

42
Q

Sternoclvicular and Acromioclavicular joints

A

Will often move both joints to same degree to keep congruency of clearance

43
Q

Application for PT’s

A

We often deal with compensations, not just the problem

44
Q

Variance of Acromioclavicular joint

A

Flat
Curved
Hooked

45
Q

Variance of Acromioclavicular joint

A

Flat
Curved
Hooked

46
Q

Scapulothoracic joint

A

Loosely considered a joint

Serratus involved in strong flexion of shoulder

47
Q

Fundamental rule of nerves

A

Don’t like to be stretched or compressed!

48
Q

Long thoracic nerve to right shoulder

A

Subtle scapular winging in resting position
Decreased ROM in shoulder flexion
Winging in push test against wall
Symptoms of less ROM and full scap winging

49
Q

Ultimate balancing act of shoulder

A

Force vectors as sum tests

All influence

50
Q

Muscles from shoulder girdle to humerus, radius, or ulna

A 
Deltoid
Surpaspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
Teres major
Coracobrachialis
Biceps
Triceps

Many fibers longitudinal but also multi-pennate

51
Q

Muscle from trunk to shoulder girdle

A 
Serratus Anterior
Trapezius
Rhomboids
Pectoralis Minor
Levator Scapuale
Subclavius
52
Q

Muscle from trunk to humerus

A

Latissimus dorsi

Pectoralis major

53
Q

Types of muscle fiber orientation

A

Longitudinal
Unipennate
Bipennate
Multipennate

54
Q

Does adduction or abduction of shoulder region take more muscles?

A

Adduction

55
Q

Testing IR

A

Subscapularis IR

Belly test in clinic

56
Q

Testing ER

A

Spin muscles being able to roll and glide

Use tubing for exercises

57
Q

RC Muscles

A

Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

58
Q

Movements of RC

A

Very strong
Elevate
Depress

Allow you to position for movements
Protract
Retract

Spin joint in that direction:
Upward rotation
Downward rotation

59
Q

Poor Posture-Movement relationship

A

Not just how you look, how you function.

These stresses cause microtrauma

60
Q

Nerves involved in improper scapular positioning

A

Long thoracic nerve injury (serratus pulling)

Spinal accessory nerve injury (levator stretched)

61
Q

Factors in GH stability

A 
Adequate size of glenoid
Posterior tilt of glenoid
Humeral head retroversion
Intact capsule and labrum
Function of cuff muscles to control head
62
Q

Factors in GH Forces

A 
Articular
Deltoid muscle
Supraspinatus
Arm weight
Cuff performance
Passive restraints
Shoulder girdle posture (dynamic & static)
63
Q

Force couples

A

two forces acting in opposite directions to give rotation in same direction

64
Q

Force couples - Trap/SA

Muscle/Syngery/Individually Movement

A

UR

Ret/Pro

65
Q

Force couples - Trap/Rhom

Muscle/Syngery/Individually Movement

A

Ret

UR/DR

66
Q

Force couples - UT/LT

Muscle/Syngery/Individually Movement

A

UR

Elev/Dep

67
Q

Force couples - Ant D/Post D

Muscle/Syngery/Individually Movement

A

Abd

IR/ER

68
Q

Force couples - Subscap/Infra

Muscle/Syngery/Individually Movement

A

Dep

IR/ER

69
Q

Are plyometrics necessary for pt?

A

Strength is enough

Functionally better for physical therapy

70
Q

Kinematics

A

Motion of objects without reference to the forces which cause motion

71
Q

Kinetics

A

Branch of bio-chem concerned with measuring and studying the rates or reactions

72
Q

Symptoms of Proximal humeral fracture

A 
Can't raise arm to full position 
No scap retraction
Pain
Weakness actively (AROM)
Hypermobilty (PROM) - capsule, impingement
73
Q

Capsulitis issue

A

AROM & PROM restricted

74
Q

Contractile tissue issue

A

AROM restricted, but PROM okay

75
Q

Mechanics of Elevation

A 
Initiation of Delta/supra force couple*
Scap fixation
Inferior glide of humeral head
Upper trap/serratus force couple*
Clavicular elevation
Maintain L/T of supra and deltoid
ICOR root to AC (zero velocity on scap)
Serratus/lower trap force couple* (final movement)
Post rotation of clavicle
76
Q

Proper arthrokinematics dictate osteokinematics

A

Set by making delt and serratus work together
Horizontal compression force to center head
Abduction force from deltoid causes serratus to pull out

77
Q

Kinematic chain

A

Combo of several joints uniting sequential segments

78
Q

Mechanism

A

Parts working together to cause some predetermined response

79
Q

Degrees of freedom

A

Summation of all segments involved.

Max of 3 rotations and 3 translations

80
Q

Adhesive capsulitis

A

Frozen shoulder
Goes through freezing and thawing phases
Will not get better on own
Can lose functional biomechanics

81
Q

Mechanics of Elevation

A 
Delt/supra force couple*
Scapular fixation
Inferior glide of humeral head
Upper trap/serratus force couple*
Clavicular elevation
Maintain L/T of supra and delt
ICOR root to AC
Serratus/lower trap force couple*
Post rotation of clavicle
82
Q

Common shoulder pathologies

A

Impingement
RC tears
Adhesive capsulitis
Instability

83
Q

Considerations for Rehab

A 
Body position and posture
Stabilize strengthening
Capsular balance
Propioception
Variety of resistance patterns 
Multi-planar and dynamic movements
84
Q

Open

A

Speed through summation of velocity

85
Q

Closed

A

Force generation and transmission

86
Q

Surgical Interventions

A 
Subacromial decompression
Open & arthroscopic cuff repair
Rotator interval repair
Anterocapsular reconstruction
Bankart repair
Thermal capsular shift
AC repair (weaver-dunn)

Gross & Applied Anatomy I (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions