Kinematics / Translational Motion Flashcards
quantity w/ magnitude but no direction
Ex: Speed, distance, time
scalar
quantity w/ magnitude and direction
Ex: velocity, displacement, Force, momentum
vector
Trig function: Opposite side of triangle
O = H * sin(ø)
Trig function: adjacent side of triangle
A = H * cos(ø)
Equation: Pythagorean Theorem
a^2 + b^2 = c^2
vector whose magnitude is the shortest distance between the initial and final positions of the motion and chose direction points from the initial to the final position
displacement (∆x)
SI Unit = meters (m)
Equation: Average Speed (v)
Average Speed (V) = distance / time SI Unit = m/s
Equation: Average Velocity (Vavg)
V(avg) = displacement / time = (x - x0) / (t - t0) = ∆x / ∆t
SI Unit = m/s
Equation: Acceleration (avg)
Acceleration (avg) = change in velocity / time = v - v0 / t - t0 = ∆v / ∆t
SI unit = meter / second^2 (m/s^2)
If velocity of an object is changing (in either magnitude OR direction), the object is ________
accelerating
on a displacement versus time graph, a straight line (slope = constant) indicated _____
velocity = constant acceleration = 0
on a displacement versus time graph, a horizontal line parallel w/ the X axis indicates ______
velocity = 0 acceleration = 0
on a displacement versus time graph, a line curved upward (exponential or inverse curve) indicates _______
velocity is changing
acceleration does NOT equal 0
on a velocity vs time graph, a straight line (slope = constant) indicates _____
increasing velocity
constant acceleration
on a velocity vs time graph, the area under the curve =
displacement
on a velocity vs time graph, a horizontal line (parallel w/ the x axis) indicates ______
constant velocity
no acceleration
on a velocity vs time graph, a straight line going in the opposite direction of the first (i.e. negative slope if first line was positive) indicates ______
increasing velocity in the opposite direction
constant acceleration
Equation: Final velocity (w/ constant acceleration)
v(f) = v(0) + a * t
Equation: Final velocity (w/ constant acceleration and displacement)
v(f)^2 = v(0)^2 + 2 * a * ∆x
Equation: Displacement w/ initial and final velocity (acceleration is constant)
∆x = 1/2 [v(o) + v(f)] * t
Equation: Displacement w/ initial velocity and constant acceleration
∆x = v(o) * t + 1/2 * a * t^2
