kin quiz joints Flashcards
define and describe the function of a joint
- the point of connection between 2 bones
- the function is to assist in movement or protection
how are joints classified
according to their motion capabilities
- synarthrosis
- amphiarthrosis
-diarthrosis
define synarthrosis
immovable (skull)
amphiarthrosis
slightly moveable (vertebrare)
diarthrosis
allow greatest range of motion (hip joint)
what are the 3 different types of joint
fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
define fibrous
allow no movement (synarthrotic) sutures of the skull
define cartilaginous
allow limited movement (intervertebral discs) amphiarthrotic
synovial joints
allow large range of motion (hip joint) diarthrotic)
labelling a synovial joint
PLJAFS
- periosteum
- ligament
- joint cavity (contains synovial fluid)
- articular (hyaline) cartilage
- fibrous capsule
- synovial membrane
5 and 6 make up the articular capusle
what are the 6 types of synovial joints
hinge, ball and socket, plane/gliding, pivot, saddle, ellipsoid
what is a hinge joint
- uniaxial
- flexion and extenstion
-humero-ulnar elbow joint
what is a pivot joint
-uniaxial
- rotation
- humero-radial joint
what is an ellipsoid joint
- biaxial
- flexion extension adduction and abduction
- metacarpophalangeal joint
what is a sadde joint
- biaxial
- flexion extension adduction and abduction
- metacarpophalangeal of the thumb
what is a ball and socket joint
- multiaxial
- rotation in all planes
- shoulder and hip joints
what is a plane (gliding) joint
- uniaxial
- permits gliding movements
- intercarpal joints
characteristic of hylaine cartilage
A protective layer of dense white connective tissue that covers the
ends of the articulating bones
characteristic of joint cavity
contains synovial fluid
characteristic of synovial membrane
covers joint cavity, except over the surfaces of the articular cartilage
- secretes lubrication fluid to reduce friction within the joint
articular cartilage
may or may not have intrinsic ligaments
extrinsic ligaments
support the joint and connect the articulating bones of the joint
