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kinesiology > Kin Midterm > Flashcards

Kin Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

step 1 in excitation contraction

A
  1. Alpha Motor neuron releases Ach (AcetylcoA)
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2
Q

step 2 in excitation contraction

A

Ach binds sodium/potassium receptor on muscle

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3
Q

step 3 in excitation-contraction

A

increase in sodium results in the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

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4
Q

step 4

A

ca+ binds troponin

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5
Q

step 5

A

myosin binds actin

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6
Q

step 6

A

“power stroke” ATP Hydrolysis

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7
Q

step 7

A

Muscle Shortens!!

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8
Q

concentric

A

muscle contracts

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9
Q

eccentric

A

muscle elongates

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10
Q

isometric

A

muscle contracts w/o movement

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11
Q

3 major functions of the nervous system

A
  1. sensation (afferent): neuron that sends info to CNS
  2. response (efferent): neuron that generates a response
  3. integration: nerves that exist in the CNS that integrate sensation and response
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12
Q

2 anatomical divisions of the nervous system

A

central nervous system (CNS)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

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13
Q

3 functional divisions of the nervous system

A
  1. somatic nervous system
  2. autonomic nervous system
  3. enteric nervous system
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14
Q

somatic nervous system

A

voluntary processes (activating muscles)

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15
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

involuntary, involved in homeostasis

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16
Q

enteric nervous system (digestive tract)

A

oversight over digestion

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17
Q

spinal cord and brain

A

central nervous system

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18
Q

ganglia and nerves

A

peripheral nerves

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19
Q

cerebrum

A

large mantle part of the brain

20
Q

wrinkled portion of the brain

A

cerebral cortex

21
Q

______ divides the brain into two separate what?

A

longitudinal fissure divides brain into left and right cerebral hemispheres

22
Q

ridges of wrinkles

A

gyrus (gyri)

23
Q

groove between wrinkles

A

sulcus (sulci)

24
Q

4 main lobes of the brain

A

frontal, parietal, occipital & temporal lobes

25
Q

3 main separating sulci

A

central sulcus, Pareto-occipital sulcus, and lateral sulcus

26
Q

white matter core deep within the cerebrum

A

corpus callosum

27
Q

steps of a reflex arc

A
  1. activation of the receptors with stimulus
  2. activation of afferent nerve
  3. processing of the spinal cord
  4. activation of efferent nerve
  5. muscle tension
28
Q

muscle fibers in order large to small

A

skeletal muscle, epimysium, muscle fascicles, perimysium, endomysium, muscle fibers, sarcolemma, sarcomere

29
Q

sarcomere

A

proteins that cause the muscle to contract

30
Q

familiarize with terms from muscle diagrams

A

synaptic cleft, myelin sheath, actin, myosin and troponin, axon terminal, acetyl con receptor (ach), neuromuscluar junction

31
Q

motor unit

A

group of muscle fibers in a muscle innervated by a single motor neuron

32
Q

meningeal layers

A

the layers of membrane that cover your brain

33
Q

dura mater

A

most superficial and thickest layer (1st layer)

34
Q

arachnoid matter

A

middle, bound to dura mater (2nd layer)

35
Q

subarachnoid space

A

space where cerebrospinal fluid is found

36
Q

pia mater

A

thinnest, directly on top of brain/spinal cord

37
Q

outer surface of a peripheral nerve

A

epineurium

38
Q

fibrous connective tissue that surrounds nerve facicles

A

perineurium

39
Q

loose connective tissue

A

endoneurium

40
Q

action potential step 1

A
  1. at rest, below activation threshold
41
Q

AP step 2

A

stimulus applied to nerve

42
Q

AP step 3

A

period of depolarization

43
Q

AP step 4

A

period of repolarization

44
Q

AP step 5

A

hyper polarization

45
Q

AP step 6

A

return to resting state

kinesiology (6 decks)

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