Bones Flashcards
front of skull
frontal bone
top and back of the skull
parietal bone
mustache bone
maxilla
upper cheekbone
zygomatic bone
jaw bone
mandible
collar bone
clavicle
shoulder blade
scapula
arm bone
humerus
thumb side bone
radius
pinky side bone
ulna
hand bones
carpals, metacarpals
fingers
phalanges
tailbone
coccyx
leg bone
femur
shin
tibia
outer calf bone
fibula
heel
calcaneus
supports the ankle
talus
feet bones
tarsals metatarsals
toes
phalanges
T1 - T12
thoracic vertebrae
C1 - C7
cervical vertebrae
L1 - L5
lumbar vertebra
the bone above the coccyx
sacrum
5 major roles of the skeletal system
- structure/support
- protection
- nutrient storage
- create blood cells
- facilitates movement
yellow marrow
storage of fatty acids
red marrow
creates blood cells
the process in which blood cells are created in the bones
hematopoiesis
5 main types of bones with an example
long bone (femur)
short bone (tarsals)
flat bone (cranium/sternum)
irregular bone (vertebra)
sesamoid bone (patella)
diaphysis
shaft, longest part, compact bone
epiphysis
proximal and distal end of bones “spongy bone”
metaphysis
growth plate (located just under the epiphysis)
periosteum
encases the entire bone
where do tendons and ligaments attach on the bone?
periosteum
tendons
attach muscle to bone (rectus femurs tendon)
ligaments
attach bone to bone (ex. anterior cruciate ligament or ACL)
synarthrosis
little movement and bones are attached (sutures)
diarthrosis
free movement, most common clinically (shoulder and hip joints)
amphiarthrosis
some movement (vertebrae)
articular capsule
encases entire joint, increasing stability
articular cartilage
proximal/distal end of bone, shock absorbing, decreased friction
synovial membrane + fluid
acts as a lubricant in the synovial membrane
articular disc
intracapular, increased stability
bursae
extracapular fluid filled sac to reduce tendon friction
