Kidneys Flashcards
What is the primary function of the kidneys?
Urine formation and waste excretion
Which kidney is typically located slightly lower due to the position of the liver?
Right kidney
What anatomical structure contains the renal hilus?
Medial surface of the kidney
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the renal fascia?
Renal pyramid
What is the function of the renal columns?
They provide structure and support to the renal pyramids.
The kidneys are located at the _________ wall of the abdominal cavity and are protected by the rib cage.
Rear
The __________ is the funnel-shaped tube that is continuous with the ureter
and collects urine.
Renal pelvis
The ___________ capsule covers the outer surface of the kidney and provides protection.
Fibrous
The __________ are the conical or triangular structures found in the renal medulla.
Renal pyramids
The apex of each renal pyramid projects into the renal sinus and is known as the ___________.
Renal papilla
The column of Bertin is an anatomical variant consisting of a “mass-like” enlargement of the _________ tissue normally present between the renal
pyramids.
Cortical
The potential space located between the liver and the right kidney is known as __________ .
Morrison’s pouch (hepatorenal recess)
The _________ maintains water and electrolyte balance in the body as one
of its functions.
Kidney
Which of the following structures enters the kidney through the renal hilum?
Renal artery
What percentage of nephrons are cortical nephrons?
85%
The renal artery is a branch of which major vessel?
Abdominal aorta
Which of the following is NOT a condition associated with abnormal kidney position or shape?
Renal agensesis
Which vessel supplies the superior suprarenal artery to the adrenal glands?
Inferior Phrenic artery
The ureter receives its blood supply from all of the following EXCEPT:
Inferior phrenic artery
The ________ is a slit on the medial aspect of the kidney where structures
enter and exit.
Renal hilum
There are approximately ________ nephrons in each kidney.
1 million
The functional units of the kidney that filter blood and form urine are known as __________ .
Nephrons
The ___________ is the main artery supplying blood to the kidney and arises from the abdominal aorta.
Renal artery
The fusion of the left and right inferior poles of the kidneys is known as a
________ kidney.
Horseshoe
The ________ ureter is in close relationship with the inferior vena cava
(IVC) as it descends.
Right
The right adrenal gland is ___________ shaped, whereas the left adrenal gland is crescent shaped.
Pyramidal
The __________ artery supplies blood to the inferior portion of the adrenal
glands and is a branch of the renal artery.
Inferior suprarenal
