Abdominal Vasculature

Question 1

The abdominal aorta typically bifurcates at the level of which vertebra?

Answer 1

L4

Question 2

Which of the following arteries is NOT a lateral branch of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 2

Superior mesenteric artery

Question 3

The coronary arteries arise from which part of the aorta?

Answer 3

Root of the aorta

Question 4

Which branch of the aorta supplies oxygenated blood to the head, neck, and upper extremities?

Answer 4

Left subclavian artery

Question 5

Which branch of the abdominal aorta supplies the majority of blood to the abdominal digestive organs?

Answer 5

Superior mesentric artery

Question 6

The ________ is the largest artery in the body, originating from the
left ventricle and supplying oxygenated blood to the entire body.

Answer 6

Aorta

Question 7

The aortic arch gives rise to three main branches: the brachiocephalic trunk, the ____________ artery, and the ______________ artery.

Answer 7

left common carotid, left subclavian

Question 8

The ___________ is a major anterior branch of the abdominal aorta that
supplies blood to the stomach, spleen, and liver.

Answer 8

Celiac trunk

Question 9

The abdominal aorta bifurcates into the _____________ and ___________ arteries at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra.

Answer 9

right common iliac, left common iliac

Question 10

The _________ arteries, which branch laterally from the abdominal aorta,
supply blood to the kidneys.

Answer 10

Renal

Question 11

Which artery is the first anterior branch of the abdominal aorta, typically arising 1 to 2 cm from the diaphragm?

Answer 11

Celiac trunk

Question 12

Which of the following branches of the celiac trunk is the largest and most tortuous?

Answer 12

Splenic artery

Question 13

Which artery supplies blood to the pancreas, small intestine, and part of the colon?

Answer 13

Superior mesentric artery

Question 14

The right renal artery is longer than the left and courses from the aorta:

Answer 14

Posterior to the IVC to reach the right kidney

Question 15

Which artery supplies the descending colon and rectum?

Answer 15

Inferior mesentric artery

Question 16

The celiac trunk gives rise to three primary branches: the splenic artery, the common hepatic artery, and the ________ artery.

Answer 16

Left gastric

Question 17

The ___________ artery is the second anterior branch from the aorta and
supplies blood to the pancreas, small intestine, and colon.

Answer 17

superior mesenteric

Question 18

The _________ arteries are small paired vessels that supply blood to the
diaphragm from the lateral walls of the aorta.

Answer 18

Phrenic

Question 19

The _________ artery courses along the psoas muscle to supply blood to
the gonadal areas (testis or ovaries).

Answer 19

gonadal

Question 20

The right renal artery passes _________ to the inferior vena cava (IVC) before reaching the right kidney.

Answer 20

posterior

Question 21

How many lumbar arteries typically arise on each side of the abdominal aorta to supply the posterolateral abdominal wall?

Answer 21

4

Question 22

What level of the lumbar vertebra does the abdominal aorta terminate and bifurcate into the right and left common iliac arteries?

Answer 22

L4

Question 23

Which vessel is responsible for draining the left gonadal vein?

Answer 23

Left renal vein

Question 24

The internal iliac artery supplies blood to which of the following areas?

Answer 24

Abdominal wall and pelvic organs

Question 25

Which of the following veins is longer and crosses the aorta anteriorly, just below the origin of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA)?

Answer 25

Left renal vein

Question 26

The abdominal aorta terminates at the level of the __________ vertebra dividing into the right and left common iliac arteries.

Answer 26

L4

Question 27

The inferior vena cava (IVC) is formed by the union of the right and left common iliac veins at the level of the __________ lumbar vertebra.

Answer 27

Fifth

Question 28

The left renal vein accepts branches from the left adrenal vein, left gonadal vein, and sometimes the _________ vein.

Answer 28

Lumbar

Question 29

The ____________artery supplies the undersurface of the diaphragm and arises from the lateral wall of the aorta.

Answer 29

Phrenic

Question 30

The external iliac artery continues into the thigh where it becomes the _________ artery.

Answer 30

Femoral

Question 31

The right suprarenal vein typically drains into which of the following structures?

Answer 31

Inferior vena cava

Question 32

Which vein drains blood from the small intestine, cecum, ascending colon, and transverse colon?

Answer 32

Superior mesentric vein

Question 33

The inferior mesenteric vein drains blood from all the following structures except:

Answer 33

Pancreas

Question 34

What is the function of the portal venous system?

Answer 34

Drains blood from the gastrointestinal tract and related organs to the liver

Question 35

The inferior phrenic veins drain blood from which area?

Answer 35

Diaphragm

Question 36

The left suprarenal vein drains into the ____________, which then drains into the IVC.

Answer 36

Left renal vein

Question 37

The __________ veins drain blood from the liver and return it to the inferior vena cava.

Answer 37

Hepatic

Question 38

The _______ vein is the largest vein of the hepatic portal system and is formed by the junction of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein.

Answer 38

Portal

Question 39

The inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) joins the splenic vein just posterior to the body of the ___________.

Answer 39

Pancreas

Question 40

The portal vein blood flows toward the liver, a flow direction known as ___________.

Answer 40

Hepatopetal