kidneys Flashcards
(17 cards)
purpose
filter waste from blood and regulate the balance of water and salts in the blood plasma
renal capsule
encloses the kidney
renal cortex
outer part of the kidney
renal medulla
innermost part of the kidneys
renal pelvis
Urine collects here and is funneled into the ureter.
renal hilum
the entry and exit site for structures servicing the kidneys: vessels, nerves, lymphatics, and ureters.
renal pyramid
holds nephrons
renal columns
contains blood vessels, separates renal columns
nephron
functional unit of the kidney, where urine is formed
1.2 million nephrons in each kidney
afferent arteriole
blood vessel that enters arteriole
efferent arterille
blood vessel that leaves a glomerulus in the kidney
glomerular capsule
double-walled, cupcake structure at the end of each kidney tubule, collects filtered water and other substances from the blood - Bowmans capsule
glomerulus
tightly coiled mass of capillaries
loop of hence
u shaped section of kidney tubules, plays major role in the reabsorption of water and salts from filtrate
PCT and DCT
PCT: firsts of convolutions of kidney tubule, located b/w GC and the loop of hence
DCT: second set of convolutions of kidney tubule, receives the forming urine
- glomerular filtration
takes place in renal corpuscle
fluid is forced out fo the blood and is collected by the glomerular capsule
the blood enters in a afferent arteriole, which is wider than the efferent arteriole which they leave om
- therefore, when the blood enters the glomerulus, the high pressure forces water and dissolved blood components through the differentially permeable cell membranes and into the capsule: FILTRATE
- as blood flows through capillaries off the glomerulus, 20% pf the plasma is filtered through capillary walls into glomerular
- selective reabsorption
