kidneys

Question 1

purpose

Answer 1

filter waste from blood and regulate the balance of water and salts in the blood plasma

Question 2

renal capsule

Answer 2

encloses the kidney

Question 3

renal cortex

Answer 3

outer part of the kidney

Question 4

renal medulla

Answer 4

innermost part of the kidneys

Question 5

renal pelvis

Answer 5

Urine collects here and is funneled into the ureter.

Question 6

renal hilum

Answer 6

the entry and exit site for structures servicing the kidneys: vessels, nerves, lymphatics, and ureters.

Question 7

renal pyramid

Answer 7

holds nephrons

Question 8

renal columns

Answer 8

contains blood vessels, separates renal columns

Question 9

nephron

Answer 9

functional unit of the kidney, where urine is formed
1.2 million nephrons in each kidney

Question 10

afferent arteriole

Answer 10

blood vessel that enters arteriole

Question 11

efferent arterille

Answer 11

blood vessel that leaves a glomerulus in the kidney

Question 12

glomerular capsule

Answer 12

double-walled, cupcake structure at the end of each kidney tubule, collects filtered water and other substances from the blood - Bowmans capsule

Question 13

glomerulus

Answer 13

tightly coiled mass of capillaries

Question 14

loop of hence

Answer 14

u shaped section of kidney tubules, plays major role in the reabsorption of water and salts from filtrate

Question 15

PCT and DCT

Answer 15

PCT: firsts of convolutions of kidney tubule, located b/w GC and the loop of hence
DCT: second set of convolutions of kidney tubule, receives the forming urine

Question 16

1. glomerular filtration

Answer 16

takes place in renal corpuscle
fluid is forced out fo the blood and is collected by the glomerular capsule
the blood enters in a afferent arteriole, which is wider than the efferent arteriole which they leave om
- therefore, when the blood enters the glomerulus, the high pressure forces water and dissolved blood components through the differentially permeable cell membranes and into the capsule: FILTRATE
- as blood flows through capillaries off the glomerulus, 20% pf the plasma is filtered through capillary walls into glomerular

Question 17

2. selective reabsorption