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Physiology Lab Exam #4 > Kidney Lab > Flashcards

Kidney Lab Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: The glomerular filtration rate in humans is such that in 24 hours, approximately 180 liters of filtrate is produced?

A

True

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2
Q

______ are responsible for driving protein free fluid out of the glomerular capillaries and into Bowman’s capsule.

A

Starling forces

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3
Q

What hormone is responsible for increasing the water permeability of the collecting duct, allowing water to flow to areas of higher solute concentration?

A

Antidiuretic Hormone

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4
Q

_____ acts on the distal convoluted tubule to cause sodium to be reabsorbed and potassium to be excreted.

A

Aldosterone

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5
Q

Under what conditions would excess glucose be eliminated in the urine?

A

When all glucose carriers are bound with the glucose they are transporting.

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6
Q

What type of organ is the kidney?

A

excretory and regulatory organ

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7
Q

What are the functions of the kidney?

A

They regulate

  1. plasma osmolarity
  2. plasma volume
  3. the body’s acid-base balance
  4. the body’s electrolyte balance
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8
Q

What do the kidney’s excrete?

A

They excrete excess water, waste products, and even foreign materials from the body.

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9
Q

afferent arteriole

A

supplies blood to the glomerulus

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10
Q

glomerular filtration

A

is a passive process in which fluid passes form the lumen of the glomerular capillary into the glomerular capsule of the renal tubule.

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11
Q

efferent arteriole

A

carrying blood out away from the glomerulus.

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12
Q

What are the three functions of nephron that process blood into filtrate and urine?

A
  1. glomerular filtration
  2. tubular reabsorption
  3. tubular secretion
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13
Q

tubular reabsorption

A

moves most of the filtrate back into the blood, leaving mainly salt water and the wastes in the lumen of the tubule.

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14
Q

tubular secretion

A

can rid the blood of additional unwanted substances

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15
Q

pertibular capillaries

A

reclaim the reabsorbed substances and return them to general circulation.

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16
Q

Starting at the renal corpuscle, list the components of the renal tubule as they encountered by filtrate,

A 
Glomerulus
Bowmans Capsule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Collecting duct
Urine
17
Q

What is the range of filtration rate in a human?

A

ranges from 80 to 140 ml/min, so that, in 24 hours, as much as 180 liters of filtrate is produced by the glomeruli.

18
Q

Describe the effect of DECREASING the EFFERENT arteriole radius on glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate.

A

Both pressure and filtration rate increased.

19
Q

Describe the effect of INCREASING the AFFERENT arteriole radius on glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate.

A

Both glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate increased.

20
Q

Describe the effect of DECREASING the AFFERENT arteriole radius on glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate.

A

It decreased both the glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate.

21
Q

Describe the effect of INCREASING the EFFERENT arteriole radius on glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate.

A

The glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate decreased.

22
Q

What are the components of the renal corpuscle?

A

Bowman’s capsule and Glomerulus.

23
Q

Increase Blood Pressure = ?

A

Increase glomerular filtration rate

24
Q

Increase afferent arteriole rate = ?

A

Increase glomerular filtration rate

25
Q

Decrease efferent arteriole radius = ?

A

Increased filtration rate

26
Q

What happens to the concentration of glucose in the urinary bladder as the number of glucose carriers increases?

A

The concentration of glucose decreases when glucose carriers increased?

27
Q

How did the addition of both aldosterone and ADH affect urine volume (compared with baseline)?

A

The urine volume decreased.

28
Q

Aldosterone

A

is a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex under the control of the body’s renin-angiotensin system.

29
Q

What is the principal determinant for the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex?

A

It releases aldosterone when there is a detection of decrease in BP.

Physiology Lab Exam #4 (4 decks)

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