Kidney Lab

Question 1

True or False: The glomerular filtration rate in humans is such that in 24 hours, approximately 180 liters of filtrate is produced?

Answer 1

True

Question 2

______ are responsible for driving protein free fluid out of the glomerular capillaries and into Bowman’s capsule.

Answer 2

Starling forces

Question 3

What hormone is responsible for increasing the water permeability of the collecting duct, allowing water to flow to areas of higher solute concentration?

Answer 3

Antidiuretic Hormone

Question 4

_____ acts on the distal convoluted tubule to cause sodium to be reabsorbed and potassium to be excreted.

Answer 4

Aldosterone

Question 5

Under what conditions would excess glucose be eliminated in the urine?

Answer 5

When all glucose carriers are bound with the glucose they are transporting.

Question 6

What type of organ is the kidney?

Answer 6

excretory and regulatory organ

Question 7

What are the functions of the kidney?

Answer 7

They regulate

1. plasma osmolarity
2. plasma volume
3. the body’s acid-base balance
4. the body’s electrolyte balance

Question 8

What do the kidney’s excrete?

Answer 8

They excrete excess water, waste products, and even foreign materials from the body.

Question 9

afferent arteriole

Answer 9

supplies blood to the glomerulus

Question 10

glomerular filtration

Answer 10

is a passive process in which fluid passes form the lumen of the glomerular capillary into the glomerular capsule of the renal tubule.

Question 11

efferent arteriole

Answer 11

carrying blood out away from the glomerulus.

Question 12

What are the three functions of nephron that process blood into filtrate and urine?

Answer 12

1. glomerular filtration
2. tubular reabsorption
3. tubular secretion

Question 13

tubular reabsorption

Answer 13

moves most of the filtrate back into the blood, leaving mainly salt water and the wastes in the lumen of the tubule.

Question 14

tubular secretion

Answer 14

can rid the blood of additional unwanted substances

Question 15

pertibular capillaries

Answer 15

reclaim the reabsorbed substances and return them to general circulation.

Question 16

Starting at the renal corpuscle, list the components of the renal tubule as they encountered by filtrate,

Answer 16

Glomerulus
Bowmans Capsule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Collecting duct
Urine

Question 17

What is the range of filtration rate in a human?

Answer 17

ranges from 80 to 140 ml/min, so that, in 24 hours, as much as 180 liters of filtrate is produced by the glomeruli.

Question 18

Describe the effect of DECREASING the EFFERENT arteriole radius on glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate.

Answer 18

Both pressure and filtration rate increased.

Question 19

Describe the effect of INCREASING the AFFERENT arteriole radius on glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate.

Answer 19

Both glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate increased.

Question 20

Describe the effect of DECREASING the AFFERENT arteriole radius on glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate.

Answer 20

It decreased both the glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate.

Question 21

Describe the effect of INCREASING the EFFERENT arteriole radius on glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate.

Answer 21

The glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate decreased.

Question 22

What are the components of the renal corpuscle?

Answer 22

Bowman’s capsule and Glomerulus.

Question 23

Increase Blood Pressure = ?

Answer 23

Increase glomerular filtration rate

Question 24

Increase afferent arteriole rate = ?

Answer 24

Increase glomerular filtration rate

Question 25

Decrease efferent arteriole radius = ?

Answer 25

Increased filtration rate

Question 26

What happens to the concentration of glucose in the urinary bladder as the number of glucose carriers increases?

Answer 26

The concentration of glucose decreases when glucose carriers increased?

Question 27

How did the addition of both aldosterone and ADH affect urine volume (compared with baseline)?

Answer 27

The urine volume decreased.

Question 28

Aldosterone

Answer 28

is a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex under the control of the body's renin-angiotensin system.

Question 29

What is the principal determinant for the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex?

Answer 29

It releases aldosterone when there is a detection of decrease in BP.