KEYWORDS MDs Flashcards
1
Q
Hallucinations are:
A
Perceptual abnormalities
2
Q
Apathy means:
A
- Lack of feeling or emotion (impassiveness).
- Lack of interest or concern (indifference).
- Absence of affect (no emotional expression).
3
Q
Coining new words is known as:
A
Neologism
4
Q
Catharsis:
A
The process of releasing, and thereby providing relief from, strong or repressed emotions (venting).
5
Q
Persistent repetition of words beyond the point of relevance.
A
Perseveration
6
Q
Illusion is a:
A
Misinterpretation of actual stimuli.
7
Q
What is an example of a patient exhibiting flight of ideas?
A
Talking excessively while frequently shifting from one idea to another.
8
Q
This therapist proposed interpersonal theory:
A
Peplau
9
Q
False perception of taste is termed as:
A
Tactile hallucination
10
Q
The DSM classification is given by?
A
American Psychiatric Association
11
Q
According to Feud, which one is the closest contact with reality?
A
Ego
12
Q
Intervention for suicide or suicidal ideation:
A
- Using an Authoritative Role
- Providing a Safe Environment
- Creating a Support System List
13
Q
Interventions for hostility & aggression:
A
Managing the environment
Managing aggressive behaviour
14
Q
Crisis interventions & techniques:
A
- Interventions:
- The goal is to stabilize the family situation and restore to their pre-crisis level of functioning.
- Opportunity to develop new ways of perceiving, coping, and problem-solving.
- The intervention is time limited and fast paced, therefore the nurse must take an active and directive approach.
- Techniques:
- Catharsis (venting)
- Clarification
- Suggestion
- Reinforcement of behavior
- Support of defenses
- Raising self esteem
- Exploration of solutions
15
Q
What are the Nursing Diagnosis common to patients with Eating Disorders (ED):
A
- Imbalanced nutrition (less than body requirements).
- Deficient fluid volume
- Anxiety (moderate to severe)
- Ineffective coping
- Disturbed body image/low self-esteem
- Imbalanced nutrition (more than body requirements).
16
Q
What are the General Nursing Interventions for EDs:
A
- The vital signs of the individual are followed closely.
- Acid, base balance, fluid, electrolyte balance, liver enzymes is monitored.
- Intake output control.
- It is important to establish therapeutic communication
It should be ensured that the individual does not eat with other patients at the beginning. - After eating a meal, the individual should be observed at the beginning of the treatment for 90 minutes and then 30 minutes after the treatment.
- Before meals, relaxation and relaxation exercises can be done.
Appropriate skin care should be provided to the individual. - The individual should be supported to take a bath in the form of a shower.
- The temperature of the individual’s bedroom should be kept under control.
- Proper oral care should be provided.
17
Q
What are the complications of SD:
A
- Failed relationship and subsequent depression.
- Loss of the individual’s job or marriage.
- Hormonal treatments used in gender identity disorders may lead to complications or side effects.
18
Q
To help reduce a chances of developing psychosexual dysfunction teach the people to:
A
- Stay aware of your psychological or emotional health.
- Spending time alone with a partner often, especially nonsexual intimate time, to help maintain the relationship. This will most likely lead to increased sexual interest.
- Continue to communicate openly with the partner about intimacy and sexual issues.
19
Q
Nursing care of patients with SD:
A
- Obtain sexual history including usual pattern of functioning.
- Be alert to each comment from the patient.
- Identify current stressors in individual situation.
- Avoid making value judgment.
-
Establish Therapeutic Nurse – client relationship.
20
Q
General interventions for SDs:
A
- Ensuring environmental safety, comfort and security.
- Determining the privacy level of patients in accordance with their age and development.
-
Evaluation of the patient’s social abilities appropriate to his age and his relations with his environment.
- Demonstrating acceptance of the patient, regardless of the patient’s negative sexual behaviors or activities.
- Assisting the patient by allowing them to verbally describe their activities and problems related to sexual disorders.
- Giving the patient the opportunity to explain their age-appropriate privacy and sexuality through occupation and group relationships, in line with their capacity.
- Raising self-esteem through individual group exercises
Providing alternatives for satisfaction in physical and intellectual activities.
-
Facilitating socialization as a role model by being educated with other peers in the same age group in the society.
- Educating the patient, family and important people with professional help on sexual disorders and diseases.
-
Reducing negative sexual behaviors with various approaches when necessary.
- Increasing opportunities for participation in volunteer and recreational activities.
- Facilitating the integration of patients and families into society by meeting their needs.
- Giving them the opportunity to express their feelings.
- Providing accurate and descriptive information.
- Speak in terms the patient can understand.
- Providing a comfortable environment where the patient can talk.
- Demonstrating an accepting approach without judging or blaming the patient.
- The nurse needs to review her own attitude towards the individual with sexual problems.
21
Q
Outcomes for clients with OCD are:
A
- The client will complete daily routine activities within a realistic time frame.
- The client will demonstrate effective use of relaxation techniques.
- The client will discuss feelings with another person.
- The client will demonstrate effective use of behavior therapy techniques.
- The client will spend less time performing rituals.
22
Q
Interventions for clients with OCD include:
A
- Using therapeutic communication
- Teaching relaxation & behavioural techniques.
- Completing a daily routine.
- Providing client and family education.
23
Q
Nursing diagnoses of clients with OCD are:
A
- Anxiety
- Ineffective coping
- Fatigue
- Situational low self-esteem
- Impaired Skin Integrity (If Scrubbing or Washing Rituals)
24
Q
Nursing assessments of clients with OCD:
A
- History
- General appearance & motor behaviour
- Mood & affect
- Thought process & content
- Judgment & insight
- Self concept
- Roles & relationships
- Physiologic & self-care considerations
25
General nursing interventions for patients with Anxiety:
- Remain with the client at all times when levels of anxiety are high (severe or panic).
- Move the client to a quiet area with minimal or decreased stimuli such as a small room or seclusion area.
- Medications may be indicated for high levels of anxiety, delusions, disorganized thoughts, and so forth.
- Remain calm in your approach to the client.
Use short, simple, and clear statements.
- Avoid asking or forcing the client to make choices.
- Be aware of your own feelings and level of discomfort.
- Encourage the client’s participation in relaxation exercises such as deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, meditation, and imagining being in a quiet, peaceful place.
- Teach the client to use relaxation techniques independently.
-
Help the client see that mild anxiety can be positive for change and does not need to be avoided.
- Relaxation exercises: deep breathing, guided imagery, progressive muscle relaxation,
26
The nursing interventions for somatoform disorders are:
- Providing health teaching: the nurse must help the client establish a daily routine that includes improved health behaviors.
- Assisting the client to express emotions: clients may keep a detailed journal of their physical symptoms; the nurse might ask them to describe the situation at the time such as whether they were alone or with others, whether any disagreements were occurring, and so forth.
- Teaching coping strategies: emotion-focused strategies include progressive relaxation, deep breathing, guided imagery, and distractions such as music or other activities; problem-focused coping strategies include problem-solving methods, applying the process to identified problems, and role-playing interactions with others.
27
List the Nursing Diagnosis for Somatoform Disorders:
- Chronic pain related to severe level of anxiety, repressed.
- Ineffective coping related to inadequate coping skills.
- Disturbed body image related to low self-esteem, severe level of anxiety.
- Disturbed sensory perception related to regression to, or fixation in, an earlier level of development.
- Self-care deficit related to paralysis of body part, pain, discomfort.
- Deficient knowledge related to lack of interest in learning, severe anxiety
28
What is the difference between sympathy & empathy?
- Sympathy is feeling pity for another (like saying sorry).
- Empathy is our ability to understand how someone feels (picturing yourself in someone else's shoes).
29
What is the difference between Hallucination, Delusion & Illusion?
- A Hallucination is a sensory perception (involve hearing, seeing, smelling, or feeling things that are not really there).
- A Delusion is a false belief.
- An Illusion is a misperception or a misinterpretation of a real experience.
