Keywords

Question 1

Plantagenet rule

Answer 1

The rule before the tudors

Question 2

Parliamentary sanction

Answer 2

An official confirmation or ratification of a law given by parliament as the acclaimed body of the state. Normally Henry vii tenuous claim to throne would have had to be fortified by parliamentary sanction

Question 3

Acts of attainder

Answer 3

Declared a landowner guilty of rebelling against a monarch, the attainder noble lost their title, lands and sometimes heads. Their heirs disinherited.
138 passed, 46 revoked

Question 4

Tonnage and poundage

Answer 4

The right to raise revenue for the whole reign from imports and exports

Question 5

Mercenaries

Answer 5

Hired soldiers who worked simply for pay and had no specific commitment

Question 6

Household government

Answer 6

Medieval system where the male head of household had authority over property, labour and mobility of everyone living on his land

Question 7

Magnate

Answer 7

In the context of government and members of the council - higher ranks of nobility

Question 8

Laymen

Answer 8

A group who were members of Henry vii’s council. Either gentry or lawyers who were skilled administrators (sir Reginald bray and Edmund Dudley)

Question 9

Duchy of Lancaster

Answer 9

A significant body of property, mostly not exclusive to Lancashire. Personally belonged to the king but was formally the territory of the duke.
Henry often granted positions here to most trusted servants

Question 10

Prerogative rights

Answer 10

Describes those rights or powers the monarch could exercise without requiring the consent of parliament

Question 11

Bureaucrat

Answer 11

An official in government department, in particular one perceived as being concerned with procedural correctness at the expense of peoples needs (Richard Empson)

Question 12

Courtier

Answer 12

A person who attends a royal court as a companion or advisor to the monarch (clothing people etc.)

Question 13

Chamber

Answer 13

The private areas of the court, also a key department for the efficient collection of royal revenues

Question 14

The lord chamberlain

Answer 14

Presided the chambers in court
An experienced nobleman and member of the king’s council and a personal friend of the king. He had administrative and political power, often speaking for the monarch in official capacity. Also responsible for organising court ceremonies

Question 15

Privy chamber

Answer 15

Comprising the close personal servants of the monarch who had direct access to the monarch and therefore could influence him or her more directly

Question 16

Extraordinary revenue

Answer 16

Money raised by the king from additional sources as a one-off payment when he faced an emergency or unforeseeable expense of government. This would be made up of parliamentary grants, loans, clerical taxes etc.

Question 17

Fifteenths and tenths

Answer 17

Standard form of taxation, calculated in the fourteenth century, paid by towns and boroughs to the crown

Question 18

Bonds and recognises

Answer 18

Used by the king to maintain his support from the nobles
Bonds - a legal document/oath which bound the individual to him in order to perform an action or forfeit a specified sum of money if they failed to do so.
Recognises - a formal acknowledgment of a debt or other obligation which could be enforced by means of financial penalty