Keywords

Question 1

Moral law

Answer 1

Binding moral obligations

Question 2

Maxims

Answer 2

Another word for moral rules, to follow it is our duty. The word ‘deontological’ means duty-based.

Question 3

Summum bonum

Answer 3

The highest, most supreme good.

Question 4

Good-will

Answer 4

a person of good will is a person who makes decisions according to the moral law.

Question 5

Categorical imperative

Answer 5

Something human being are duty-bound to do, whatever the circumstances.

Kant’s categorical Imperative: Act as you would want all other people to act towards all other people

or stealing is wrong.

Question 6

Hypothetical imperative

Answer 6

Something human beings ought to do, to achieve a certain end.

I.e. it contains the conditional: “If you wish to achieve X, you ought to do Y.”

Question 7

Kingdom of ends

Answer 7

An imagined future in which all people act in accordance to the moral law, the categorical imperative.

Question 8

absolute

Answer 8

A principle which is universally binding

Question 9

universalisability

Answer 9

If an act is right or wrong for one person in a situation, then it is right or wrong for anyone in that situation

Question 10

Autonomous individual

Answer 10

A person who is free to choose.

Question 11

Transcendent Idealism

Answer 11

Kant’s theory that humans construct knowledge by imposing universal concepts onto sensory experiences.

Question 12

Relativism

Answer 12

The theory that there are no universal truths; truth is relative to the subject and can vary from person to person and society to society.