KeyTopic4: Life In Nazi Germany 1933-39

Question 1

Nazi views on women and the family

Answer 1

Wanted to increase birth rate and the Third Reich

Women had a central vote in producing the genetically pure aryan race ensuring the future of a strong Nazi state

Question 2

Kinder kirche küche

Answer 2

Nazi slogan meaning children, church and cooking

Question 3

Nazi policies towards women employment

Answer 3

Women were encourage to give up their jobs, get married and have large families. Women doctors, civil servants and teachers were forced to leave their professions
Girls were discouraged from higher education and gaining the qualifications needed for professional careers

Question 4

Nazi policies towards women marriage and family

Answer 4

In 1933 the law for the encouragement of marriage provided loans to help young couples marry as long as the wife left her job
Couples kept 1/4 of the loan for each child born up to 4 children
Maternity benefits were also increased. On hitlers mothers birthday 12th August medals were awarded to women with large families

Question 5

What happened on August 12

Answer 5

Women were awarded medals if they had large families

Question 6

Successes of Nazi policies women

Answer 6

In the first few years the number of married women in employment fell
The number of marriages and birth rate increased
The German women’s enterprise organised mothers schools to train women in household skills it had 6 million members

Question 7

Failures of Nazi policies women

Answer 7

Number of women in employment increased from 4.85 million in 1933 to 7.14 million in 1939
From 1936 there was a labour shortage and more workers were needed
Many employers preferred women workers because they were cheaper
Womens wages were 2/3 of men’s
Some women resented the loss of more professional jobs such as doctors lawyers and school teachers

Question 8

What had become a standard text in Nazi education

Answer 8

Mein kampf

Question 9

What did boys mainly learn

Answer 9

Preparing for the military

Question 10

What were all girls taught

Answer 10

Needlework and cookery

Question 11

What did Nazi teachers join

Answer 11

The Nazi teachers association

Question 12

Nazi control of education history

Answer 12

Rewritten to glorify Germany’s past and the Nazi party

Question 13

Nazi control of education pe

Answer 13

Took 15% of curriculum time to ensure that girls were fit to be mothers and boys were prepared for military training

Question 14

Nazi control of education eugenics

Answer 14

A new subject about selective breeding more especially the creation of a master race
Children were taught that they should not marry so called inferior races such as Jews

Question 15

Nazi control of education race studies

Answer 15

A new subject to put forward Nazi ideas on race in particular the superiority of the aryan race

Question 16

Nazi control of education geography

Answer 16

Pupils were taught about lands which were once part of Germany and the need for more living space for Germans

Question 17

Living space

Answer 17

Lebensraum

Question 18

How did the Nazis control the leisure time of the young

Answer 18

They closed down all youth movements belonging to other political parties and the churches
There were four separate youth organisations for 10-18 year olds

Question 19

Who was the youth leader of the Reich

Answer 19

Baldur Von shirach

Question 20

Four youth movements

Answer 20

Germany young people boys 10-13
Young girls for girls 10-14
Hitler youth boys 14-18
League of German maidens girls 14-18

Question 21

Hitler youth

Answer 21

Organisation der up for boys in Germany to convert them to Nazi ideals

Question 22

League of German maidens

Answer 22

Youth organisation for girls aged between 14 and 18 to prepare them for motherhood

Question 23

When did membership for youth groups become compulsory

Answer 23

1936

Question 24

Boys focus in youth group

Answer 24

Military training
Sport
Hiking
Camping

Question 25

Girls focus in youth groups

Answer 25

Motherhood through domestic skills Physical fitness Make beds Cook

Question 26

Successes of Nazi policies youth groups

Answer 26

Membership of the hitler youth expanded from 5.4 million in 1936 to 7 million in 1939 Many young people enjoyed the exciting and interesting activités such as camping Others enjoyed the great sense of comradeship and belonging to something that seemed powerful

Question 27

Failures of Nazi policies youth group

Answer 27

3 million youngsters hadn’t joined the hitler youth by the end of 1938 Some members found the activities boring especially military drilling

Question 28

Nazi policies to reduce unemployment job creation schemes

Answer 28

1933 18.4 billion marks were spent on job creation schemes rising to 37.1 million by 1938 Massive road building to create autobahns which improved German industry as it was easier to cross the country

Question 29

Autobahns

Answer 29

German motorways

Question 30

Beauty of labour

Answer 30

A department of the KdF that tried to improve working conditions

Question 31

German labour front

Answer 31

An organisation of employers and workers which replaced trade unions

Question 32

Invisible unemployment

Answer 32

Unemployed people not included in the official unemployment statistics

Question 33

Rearmament

Answer 33

Building up the German armed forces

Question 34

Reich labour services

Answer 34

A scheme to provide young men with manual labour jobs

Question 35

Strength through joy

Answer 35

An organisation set up by the German labour front to try to improve the leisure time of German workers

Question 36

Nazi policies to reduce unemployment the reich labour service (RAD)

Answer 36

Provided young men with manual labour jobs From 1935 it was compulsory for men ages 18-25 to serve for 6 months Workers lived in camps, wore uniforms, received very low pay and carried out military drill as well as work

Question 37

Nazi policies to reduce unemployment invisible unemployment

Answer 37

Jews dismissed from their jobs from 1933 Women doctors, civil servants and teachers dismissed from their jobs Women who had given up work to get married Unmarried men under 25 who were pushed into RAD schemes Opponents of the regime held in concentration camps

Question 38

Nazi policies to reduce unemployment rearmament

Answer 38

Especially after 1936 created more jobs More money spent on manufacturing weapons by 1939 26 billion marks were spent on rearmament From 1935 all men aged 18-35 had to do 2 years military service the army expanded from 100,000 in 1933 to 1,400,000 by 1939

Question 39

Changes in standard of living better off

Answer 39

More or less full employment Strength through joy KdF tried to improve the leisure and cultural trips these included concerts theatre visits supporting events weekend trips holidays and cruises Beauty of labour tried to improve working conditions, it organised the building of canteens swimming pools and sports facilities. It installed better workplace lighting and improved noise levels

Question 40

Changes in standard of living worse off

Answer 40

Lack of freedom German workers lost their rights under the Nazis Strikes were banned Labour front didn’t permit workers to negotiate for better pay or reduced hours of work Volkswagen swindle this idea to encourage people to put aside money every week to buy a Volkswagen was a con trick By 1939 not a single customer had taken delivery of a car None of the money was refunded Invisible unemployment

Question 41

Nazi racial belief and policies

Answer 41

Central to the Nazis policy was the aim to create a pure aryan racial state they thought this could be achieved by selective breeding and destroying the Jews Jews and Slavs were seen as inferior or subhumans

Question 42

Treatment of people with disabilities

Answer 42

1933 stérilisation law allowed the stérilisation of those suffering from physical deformity, mental illness, epilepsy, learning disabilities, blindness and deafness

Question 43

What were Germans with disabilities seen as

Answer 43

A burden on the community

Question 44

Treatment of homosexuals

Answer 44

Homosexuality remained illegal. Nazi views about the importance of family life meant that same sex relationships couldn’t be tolerated. Gay men were arrested and sent to concentration camps

Question 45

Treatment of gypsies

Answer 45

Nazis wanted to remove Germany’s 30,000 gypsies because they were non-aryan and threatened racial purity. In 1935 the Nazis banned all marriages between gypsies and Germans

Question 46

Emigration

Answer 46

The act of leaving ones country to settle in another country

Question 47

Ghettos

Answer 47

Densely populated areas of a city inhabited by a particular ethnic group such as Jews

Question 48

Gypsy

Answer 48

A race of people found across Europe’s who generally travel across the continent rather than living in one place

Question 49

Nuremberg laws 1935

Answer 49

Reich citizenship law stated that only those of German blood could be German citizens. Jews lost their citizenship and the right to vote and hold government office The law for the protection of German blood and honour for blade marriage or sexual relations between Jews and German citizens

Question 50

Nuremberg laws

Answer 50

Laws passed in 1935 which denied German citizenship to Jewish people

Question 51

Kristallnacht

Answer 51

The night of the broken glass | The name given to a night of violence against Jews due to the amount of shattered glass which littered the streets

Question 52

Selective breeding

Answer 52

Nazi policy designed to create a master race

Question 53

Slavs

Answer 53

Eastern European’s including poles and Russians on

Question 54

Kristallnacht and after

Answer 54

On 8 November 1938 goebbles organised anti Jewish demonstrations which involved attacks on Jewish property, shops homes and synagogues. 9th November was kristallnacht In January 1939 the SS was given the responsibility for eliminating Jews from Germany this was achieved by forced emigration 30th April Jews were forced into ghettos Summer 1939 about 250,000 Jews had left Germany