KeyTopic1:The Weimar Republic 1918-29 Flashcards

Question

Treaty of Versailles

Answer 1

the peace treaty ending the First World War

Answer 2

28th June 1919

Answer 3

demilitarised the Rhineland, army reduced to 100,000, no tanks/ military aircraft/submarines, lost 13% of its land, reparations £6.6 billion, Germany had to accept the blame for the war

Answer 4

war damages to be paid by Germany to countries it had fought against

Answer 5

the Spartacists

Answer 6

a communist group who wanted to create a communist state

Answer 7

Rosa Luxembourg and Karl Liebknecht

Answer 8

Spartacist revolt, 16 died in clashes with the army, they formed the German Communist Party and on 5th January 1919 staged an uprising in Berlin to overthrow the government and create a communist state, the rising was crushed and both leaders were killed

Answer 9

the Kapp Putsch

Answer 10

private armies set up by the German army officers at the end of WW1: mainly consisted of ex-soldiers

Answer 11

Freikorps angry about ToV attempted to take power in Berlin through a putsch, Kapp set up a new right-wing government in Berlin, the army wouldn't stop the putsch showing the lack of support for the new republic, Berlin workers supported Weimar and went on strike; the putsch collapsed

Answer 12

an attempt to seize power by force

Answer 13

the government couldn't pay their first war reparation, the french invaded the Ruhr, the workers chose passive resistance and went on strike, fewer goods were being produced so the government printed more money to pay the strikers which turned into hyperinflation

Answer 14

the French invaded the Ruhr

Answer 15

the German mark became worthless $1= 4,200,000,000

Answer 16

extremely high inflation, where the value o money plummets and it becomes almost worthless

Answer 17

pensions were worthless, saving's lost all value, wages couldn't keep up with inflation so people couldn't afford necessities

Answer 18

businesses could pay off debt, rise in food prices helped farmers

Answer 19

``` Role of stresemann American loans Rentenmark Young plan Dawes plan ```

Answer 20

August 1923 Stresemann was appointed chancellor to deal with the problems of hyperinflation He called off passive resistance in the Ruhr and negotiated the Dawes plan

Answer 21

1924 | Restructure Germany’s annual reparations payments

Answer 22

International agreement to solve all disputes peacefully

Answer 23

International body established after the First World War to maintain peace

Answer 24

Series of agreements guaranteeing Germany’s frontiers with neighbouring countries

Answer 25

New currency brought in by stresemann to restore the value of the mark

Answer 26

1929 | Reduce réparation payments

Answer 27

November 1923 Temporary measure to stabilise the currency and restore confidence Value was based on property values rather than gold reserves

Answer 28

The Reichsmark

Answer 29

Payments were staged to match Germany’s capacity to pay Payments began at 1 billion marks for the first year and increased over a period of 4 years to 2.5 billion marks a year In return the French withdrew from the Ruhr

Answer 30

Dawes plan aimed to boost the German economy through US loans Over the next 6 years US companies gave kind of nearly $3 billion

Answer 31

1929 Timescale for payment was set with Germany making payments until 1988 Réparation figure reduced from 6 billion to 1.85 billion

Answer 32

Improved relations with Britain and France by ending passive resistance in the Ruhr Germany had become a member of the League of Nations and earned a permanent seat in September 1926 1928 Germany signed the Kellogg Briand pact along with 64 other nations to keep armies for self defence but resolve all future disputes by peaceful means

Answer 33

Wages housing architecture unemployment insurance

Answer 34

Increased each year after 1924 benefitting German workers, 1928 germany had some of the best paid workers in Europe Whilst unemployment fell generally it remained high in professions such as lawyers, civil servants and teacher

Answer 35

Weimar government also attempted to deal with a shortage of housing Between 1924 and 1931 2 million new homes were built and by 1928 homelessness had been reduced by more than 60%

Answer 36

A new group of architects and designers emerged called the Bauhaus who used bold designs and unusual materials and basic shapes and colours

Answer 37

An architectural movement meaning school of building

Answer 38

Payments made to the unemployed by the state

Answer 39

Unemployment insurance law 1927 required workers and employees to make contributions to a national scheme for unemployment welfare

Answer 40

Politics Leisure Employment

Answer 41

1919 women over 20 had the vote Weimar constitution introduced equality in education, equal opportunity in the civil service appointments and equal pay in the professions 1926 there were 32women deputies in the Reichstag

Answer 42

Women enjoyed more freedom socially: They went out unescorted and drank and smoked in public They were fashion conscious often wearing shorter skirts They had their hair cut short and wore makeup

Answer 43

Growing amount of women in the civil service and teaching Women payed same as men in civil service 1933 100,000 women teachers and 3000 women doctors

Answer 44

Art cinema

Answer 45

New objectivity was a new approach to art which portrayed society in an objective way, associated with painters such as George Grosz and Otto Dix

Answer 46

Golden age for German cinema Fritz Lang produces metropolis 1927 which was the most technically advanced films of the decade Marlene dietrich was one of the most popular film stars in the world and played strong glamorous women