Key words - Research Methods Flashcards

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1
Q

case studies

A

Case studies: A detailed study of a particular person/persons or event, usually yielding a
large amount of information.

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2
Q

content analysis

A

Content analysis: A research tool used to determine the presence of certain words, themes, or concepts within some given qualitative data

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3
Q

Controlled observation

A

Controlled observation: A type of observation where participants are observed in a lab, increasing control and reliability but decreasing ecological validity.

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4
Q

Correlation

A

Correlation: The extent to which two variables are associated.

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5
Q

Covert observation

A

Covert observation: A type of observation where the observer is hidden and therefore participants do not know they are being observed. While this does reduce demand characteristics, it can raise ethical issues around consent.

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6
Q

Experiment

A

Experiment: A type of investigation wherein a hypothesis is tested by manipulation of an independent variable, in order to view its effect on the dependent variable.

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7
Q

Field experiment

A

Field experiment: A type of experiment that is conducted in a real life setting, which reduces the amount of control over extraneous variables, however the ecological validity is improved.

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8
Q

Interviews

A

Interviews: A self-report technique wherein participants are asked questions by an interviewer, which allows for flexibility in the information gathered.

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9
Q

Laboratory experiment

A

Laboratory experiment: A type of experiment that is conducted in a highly controlled environment, allowing control over extraneous variables at the expense of ecological validity.

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10
Q

Natural experiment

A

Natural experiment: A type of experiment in which an independent variable that already exists is tested in its natural environment, greatly reducing the control of extraneous variables. This type of experiment allows for investigation of variables that cannot ethically be created.

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11
Q

Naturalistic observation

A

Naturalistic observation: A type of observation where participants are observed in their natural environment, increasing ecological validity but decreasing the amount of control over extraneous variables

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12
Q

Non-participant observation

A

Non-participant observation: A type of observation where the observer does not join the group under observation. This allows for higher objectivity but reduces the insight that could be achieved with a participant observation.

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13
Q

Observation

A

Observation: A type of data collection wherein participants’ behaviour is observed.

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14
Q

Overt observation

A

Overt observation: A type of observation where the participants know they are under
observation. This preserves informed consent but may increase demand characteristics.

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15
Q

Participant observation

A

Participant observation: A type of observation where the observer joins the group under observation. This form of observation yields highly valuable qualitative information with insight, but can reduce the objectivity of the researcher.

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16
Q

quasi experiment

A

The researcher examines the effect of the naturally occurring IV (i.e. gender, age) on the dependent variable

17
Q

Questionnaires

A

Questionnaires: A self-report technique wherein participants answer pre-decided questions, in the form of paper or electronically. This form of self-report allows for anonymity.

18
Q

Structured interviews

A

Structured interviews: A form of interview wherein questions are pre-set beforehand, with no flexibility. Usually, these consist of closed questions, and allows for replicability.

19
Q

Unstructured interviews

A

Unstructured interviews: A form of interview wherein questions may be set beforehand, but the interviewer is allowed flexibility in the form of a natural conversation.

20
Q
A