Key Words Flashcards
(35 cards)
Molecular Formula
Actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.
Empirical Formula
The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound.
Heterolytic Fission
Breaking of a covalent bond, where both electrons go to one atom
Homologous Series
A series of organic compounds having the same function group but with each successive member differing by CH2
Structural Isomers
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula.
Stereoisomers
Compounds with the same structural formula but with a different arrangement of atoms in a space.
E/Z Isomerism
Restricted rotation about a double bond C=C.
Homolytic Fission
Breaking of a covalent bond where 1 electron goes to each atom.
Hydrocarbon
Compound containing only hydrogen and carbon.
Enthalpy Change of Reaction
The enthalpy change that occurs in a reaction in the molar quantities in a chemical equation under standard conditions in standard states.
Radical
Species with an unpaired electron.
Activation Energy
Minimum energy required in order to start a reaction by breaking bonds.
Enthalpy Change of Formation
The enthalpy change when a mole of compound is formed from its constituent elements in their standard states under standard conditions.
Le Chatelier’s Principle
When a system is in dynamic equilibrium and is subject to a change, the position will shift to minimise change.
Enthalpy Change of Combustion
The enthalpy change when one mole of substance is completely oxidised in an excess of oxygen under standard conditions and states.
Catalyst
Speeds up a reaction without being consumed by the overall reaction.
Relative Atomic Mass
The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon 12.
Relative Isotopic Mass
The weighted mean mass of an atom of an isotope relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon 12.
Relative Molecular Mass
The mass of one molecule relative to 1/12th of he mass of an atom of carbon 12.
Relative Formula Mass
Weighted mean mass of a formula unit relative to 1/12th of a mass of an atom of carbon 12.
Isotopes
Different neutron number. Same number of protons and electrons.
Hydrated
Crystalline structure that contains water molecules.
Anhydrous
Without water.
Water of Crystallisation
Water molecules that form an essential part of the crystalline structure of a compound.