key words Flashcards

1
Q

what does conversion do

A

turn trees into timber

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2
Q

what are the two methods of conversion

A

slab / plain sawing
quarter sawing

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3
Q

what slab / plain sawing

A

produces timber which is less stable and more prone to warping

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4
Q

what is quarter sawing

A

produces more stable timber, often with more attractive grain patterns but is more expensive

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5
Q

what is seasoning

A

newly cut timber is left to dry

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6
Q

what is the percentage seasoning is aiming to reduce the moisture of timber

A

reduce the moisture by 20 percent

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7
Q

what are the benefits of seasoning

A
  • increases strength and stability of timber
  • reduce moisture = reduce risk of timber casuing corrosion to the surrounding metal work
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8
Q

defects of timber

A

if not seasoned correctly its shape can change which makes it more difficult to use

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9
Q

what are knots and what can they do to wood

A

where branches of the tree grew
can weaken the structure of wood as well as produce irregular grain which makes it more difficult to work iwth

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10
Q

what are veneers

A

thin layers of wood that have been peeled off the truck of a tree

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11
Q

what are veneers made from

A

hardwood
- more decorative than soft woods

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12
Q

what is laminates

A

process of gluing layers of material together
veneers = plywood

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13
Q

what does lamination do

A

improve strength
improve aesthetic

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14
Q

what is plywood

A

kayers of hardwood laminated together
arranging layers so that the grain is 90 degrees to the prevuious layer, a very strong material is made

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15
Q

what is forest stewardship council

A

non-gov
promote responsible management of worlds forest

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16
Q

where does hardwood come from

A

trees with broad leafs

17
Q

where does softwood come from

A

trees with needle - like leafs

18
Q

where does man amde wood come from

19
Q

what are the benefits of using man-made over natural timbers

A

more strength in timber pieces
cheaper
more bigger pieces
grain eliminated
more stable
lighter

20
Q

ways you couold fabricate a joint so that it can be flat-packed

A

provide holes for screws / dowels
provide know/down fittings

21
Q

what is a dowel joint

A

connect two pieces of wood by drilling dowel holes in each piece and using a wooden peg (the dowel) to attach them

22
Q

advantages of dowel joint

A

much stronger than butt joints but look the same

23
Q

disadvantages of dowel joint

A

difficult to line holes up without a dowelling jig

24
Q

when are halving joints used

A

in framework, where one piece of timber crosses over another

25
advantage of butt joint
quick and easy to make
26
advantage of butt joint
weak on its own
27
advantage of mitre joint
shows no end grain so looks neat and clean
28
mitre joint disadvantages
weak on its own and requires a jig
29
which types of joitns are easiest to use with manufactured boards
butt joint lap joint comb/finger
30
ways you could reinforce a weak joint
add reingforcing wooden strips on the inside used angled pins / screws use a jig to create holes for dowel reinforcement
31
which types of joints can be altered so they can be flat-packed
mortise and tennon joints bridle joints dowel-based joints
32
what are manufactured boards
made from waste wood e.g. sawdust
33
what are hardwoods obtained from
obtained from deciduous trees with broad leafs
34
how do hardwoods grow
grow slowly with twisted trunks
35
what are hardwoods used for
relatively costly used for fine furniture and toys may be grown for veneers