key words Flashcards
(fundamental particles) - isotopes
atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons to their standard form + have different masses
(fundamental particles) - ions
an electrically charged particle formed by the loss or gain o an electron.
relative atomic mass
the weighted mean mass of an atom of a given element relative to 1/12 of a carbon-12
relative isotopic mass
the mass of a given isotope relative to 1/12 of a c-12 atom
(bonding) - ionic bonding
an electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions
(bonding) - metallic bonding
the electrostatic attraction between to delocalised electrons and positive metal ions
(bonding) - covalent bond
the electrostatic attraction between the shared pair of electrons and nuclei of bonded atoms
(bonding) - lone pair
an outer shell pair of electrons that is not involved in bonding
electronegativity
the relative ability of an atom to attract a the bonding electrons in a covalent bond
induced dipole-dipole interactions (London forces)
electrostatic attraction between temporary dipoles on neighbouring molecules
permanent dipole dipole interactions
electrostatic attraction between permanent dipoles on neighbouring molecules. (delta + end of one attracted the the delta - of another)
hydrogen bonding
electrostatic attraction between the + H on one molecules and the lone pair of another
compound
substance formed from two or more chemically bonded elements in a fixed ratio usually shown by a chemical formula
mole
the amount of a substance which contains the same number of particles as there is in atoms of 12g of carbon 12
Avogadro’s constant
6.02 x 10^23
