Key vocabulary part 2

Question 1

Birth rate

Answer 1

The number of live births per 1000 population per year

Question 2

Bottom-up

development

Answer 2

An approach to development that involves people and communities in
decision-making, often involving small-scale projects for the poorest

Question 3

Colonialism

Answer 3

Acquiring control over another country, occupying it with settlers and
exploiting it economically

Question 4

What is an index that measures more than one indicator called?

Answer 4

Composite index

Question 5

Corruption

Perceptions Index

Answer 5

A ranking of countries according to perceived levels of corruption

Question 6

Death rate

Answer 6

The number of deaths per 1000 population per year

Question 7

Demographic

indicators

Answer 7

Measures related to the population, such as birth and death rate and
rate of natural increase
(STATISITCAL DATA)

Question 8

Dependancy theory?

Answer 8

A theory which blames the relative underdevelopment of the developing
world on exploitation by the developed world, first through colonialism
and then by neo-colonialism

Question 9

Dependancy theory?

Answer 9

A theory which blames the relative underdevelopment of the developing
world on exploitation by the developed world, first through colonialism
and then by neo-colonialism

Question 10

Development

Answer 10

The economic or social progress a country or people makes

Question 11

Economic

development

Answer 11

Improvements in a country’s or people’s employment, income and living
standards

Question 12

Foreign Direct

Investment (FDI)

Answer 12

Overseas investment in physical capital by transnational corporations

Question 13

Gross Domestic

Product (GDP

Answer 13

The total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year

Question 14

Gross National
Income (GNI) per
capita

Answer 14

The total income of the country, including that made outside the country
by its companies and corporations, divided by the number of inhabitants,
to give average income per person

Question 15

Human Development

Index (HDI)

Answer 15

A measure of people’s quality of life using social measures of
development, based on life expectancy, education and standard of living

Question 16

Infant mortality rate

Answer 16

The number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1000 live
births per year

Question 17

Life expectancy

Answer 17

Average number of years that a newborn child can expect to live

Question 18

Maternal mortality

rate

Answer 18

The annual number of deaths of women from pregnancy-related causes
per 100,000 live births

Question 19

ROSTOWS Modernisation

theory

Answer 19

A theory based on the economic history of a number of developed
countries, which go through distinct economic and social changes and
move from one stage to another

Question 20

Neo-colonialism

Answer 20

The dominance of poor countries by rich countries, not by direct political
control (as in colonialism), but by economic power and cultural influence

Question 21

Top down

development

Answer 21

An approach to development where decisions are made by governments
or large scale companies, sometimes with little consultation; such
programs often involve large scale, expensive projects