Key Thinkers

Question 1

Who was the father of liberalism

Answer 1

John Locke

Question 2

What was John Lockes book called?

Answer 2

Two treatises of Government

Question 3

What principle did john Locke reject?

Answer 3

The traditional, medieval principle that the state was part of Gods creation.

• “divine right of kings”

Question 4

What did Locke argue that the state of law could only be legitimised by?

Answer 4

If the state respected natural rights and natural laws

Question 5

What did John Locke argue would make an ideal state?

Answer 5

If the people had voluntarily consented to accept the states rulings

Question 6

What did Locke say needed to happen regarding the branches of power?

Answer 6

That’s they should all be separate from each other

Question 7

What was Mary Wollstonecrafts book called?

Answer 7

A vindication of the rights of women

Question 8

What was Wollstonecraft’s primary claim?

Answer 8

That liberalism’s optimistic view on human nature should apply to all human beings, male and female.

Question 9

What did Wollstonecraft argue threatened the whole spirit of the enlightenment?

Answer 9

She said that the denile of liberty to an entire gender left society vulnerable to doctrines that threatened the whole spirit of the enlightenment.

Question 10

What did Wollstonecraft advocate regarding states etc?

Answer 10

She supported a republic government and formal equality and rights that were protected by a constitution.

Question 11

What did John Stuart Mill created/advocate?

Answer 11

The harm principle and negative freedom

Question 12

What did Mill believe was the engine of ongoing human development?

Answer 12

Liberty

Question 13

Why did Mill fear a democratic state?

Answer 13

Because it may create a “tyranny of the majority”

Question 14

What was john rawls’s major works called?

Answer 14

A theory of justice

Question 15

What idea did Rawls reinstate?

Answer 15

The principle of foundational equality

Question 16

What did the theory of justice set out?

Answer 16

That the redistribution of wealth was not a surrender to socialism but perfectly consistent with liberal principles

Question 17

What was Rawls view on the state?

Answer 17

That there should be an enlarged state with greater spending and taxation

Question 18

How was Rawls’s theory different to socialism?

Answer 18

He didn’t want the gap between the richest and poorest too narrow he just wanted the poor to rise up and have a greater quality of life

Question 19

What was Betty Friedan’s work called?

Answer 19

The Feminine Mystique

Question 20

What did Friedan suggest gender was doing?

Answer 20

That gender was a serious hinderance to those who are female.

Question 21

What did Friedan suggest caused women to underachieve?

Answer 21

Illiberal attitudes in society

Question 22

How did Friedan thinks equality could be granted?

Answer 22

Through legal equality brought through via the liberal state

Question 23

What did Friedan reject?

Answer 23

That the state was patriarchal