Key Terms Review Sheet 3, 4, & 5 Flashcards
the “other”
Character/ Culture/ Existence of the other Construction of Western Culture
Boundary Maintenance:
The Recognition of Difference
US-OTHER DICHOTOMY
The way I see reality is how it should be
White Man’s Burden
GOD HAS PLACED A BURDEN ON HIS OWN CHILDREN - WHITE PEOPLE, GO OUT AND CHRISTIANIZE THE WORLD
Manifest Destiny
GOD GAVE HIS CHILDREN A DESTINY TO CIVILIZE
PEOPLE’S BELIEF IN 19TH CENTURY
Age of Science
When science became more accepted as the explanation for life/existence.
Colonized other
N/A
Adaptive radiation
As an organism moves or finds itself in a new environment it must adapt or become extinct.
Cretacious period
145 million to 65 million years ago (End of the era of dinosaurs)
Australopithecus
Lucy (ProtoHuman) Made first step to separate from other Hominids (Somewhere around 5 million years ago)
Dayton. Tennessee 1925/Butler Act
Law preventing the teaching of evolution because it in their eyes was an abomination of God. Later challenged by John scopes (highschool biology teacher)
Homo erectus
Our earliest direct ancestors (2 million to 400,000) they share many characteristics with us and were successful
Charles Darwin
evolution : all life changes, life constantly changes NOT A SOCIAL DARWINIST!
“The Origin of Species”
does not talk about humans
Social Darwinism
SUPERIOR INFERIOR ORIGINS, THE OTHER IS NOT HUMAN
Herbert Spencer
an advocate of Social Darwinism, a Socialist
Unilineal Evolution
One line/ one direction / who is more or less human
ESSENTIALISM ( internal difference)
characteristics by nature, Inherited unchanging characteristics that determine behavior, temperament, and intelligence
PHENOTYPES (EXTERNAL difference)
SUPERFICIAL PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS( skin tone )
RACE OF THE 19TH CENTURY
Races are different species of being.
Vanishing race
Native Americans
Fossil other
Dead culture, cultures that aren’t able to change.
Survival of the Fittest
The strongest should dominate the weak and the weak will eventually die out.
Phenotype
Physical Appearance
Scientific Racism
Taught in schools as facts and science as justification.
Franz Boas
The father of American Anthropology
Age of Science
The rise of Science in the 19th century.
Polygenesis
We all come from different locations and time periods, Africans or any older races are less human than newer cultures like white folk
Colonized other
colonized culture, a culture that is available for change
Inuit
A member of an indigenous people of northern Canada and parts of Greenland and Alaska.
Evolution
Evolution is the change in the characteristics of a species over several generations and relies on the process of natural selection.
Catarrhine Primates
The Catarrhini or catarrhine monkeys or Old World anthropoids are the sister group to the New World monkeys
Gorillas
Gorillas are ground-dwelling, predominantly herbivorous apes that inhabit the forests of central Sub-Saharan Africa.
Hominids
a primate of a family ( Hominidae ) that includes humans and their fossil ancestors and also (in recent systems) at least some of the great apes.
Orangutangs
The orangutans are three extant species of great apes native to Indonesia and Malaysia.
Chimpanzees
The chimpanzee, also known as the common Chimpanzee, robust chimpanzee, or simply “chimp”, is a species of great ape native to the forests and savannahs of tropical Africa.
Rift Valley
a large elongated depression with steep walls formed by the downward displacement of a block of the earth’s surface between nearly parallel faults or fault systems.
Opposable Thumbs
The thumb can be moved around to touch the other fingers, which gives people the ability to grasp things. Most primates and some other animals have opposable thumbs.
Interdigital Grip
Availability to grip objects using our fingers.
Bipedal
Using only two legs for walking.
Spindle Cells
a narrow, elongated cell indicating the presence of a type of sarcoma.
Homo Sapien
Homo sapiens is the only extant human species.
Out of Africa
Human origins migration out of Africa takes people out into the world.
Ethnicity
Diversity, people develop different cultures based on where they migrated to.
The Monkey Trials
The Scopes Monkey Trial was a nationally-famous Tennessee court case that upheld a state law banning the teaching of evolution in public schools in that state in 1925
John Scopes
A teacher from Tennessee that prohibited teaching Evolution.
William Jennings Bryant
Former US Senator defended the right of parents to choose what schools teach Evolution.
Clarence Darrow
Defended John Scopes in The Monkey Trials to prohibit the teaching of Evolution.
