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History > Key Terms Nazi Germany > Flashcards

Key Terms Nazi Germany Flashcards

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1
Q

Nazism

A

National Socialism with the belief of Adolf Hitler and Nazi Party based on aggressive expansion of German lands and the superiority of Aryan Race.

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2
Q

Nazi

A

A member of the National Socialist German Worker’s party

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3
Q

Fascist

A

A follower or advocate for nationalistic right-wing government

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4
Q

Ernst Röhm

A

The head of SA up till 1934 - betrayed by Hitler

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5
Q

Fuhrer

A

‘Supreme Leader’ in German and Hitler’s name for himself

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6
Q

Swazstika

A

Emblem of the Nazi Party

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7
Q

Mein Kampf

A

‘My Struggle:’ the autobiography of Adolf Hitler in which he set out his theories about power and racial superiority

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8
Q

SA

A

The Brownshirts - stormtroopers of the Nazi party, set up by Hitler in early days of Nazi party to protect his meetings and break up opponents meetings

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9
Q

Aryan Race

A

Nazi term for someone with ‘pure German blood’ which meant blonde hair, blue eyed and physically and mentally fit

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10
Q

Anton Drexler

A

Founded the German workers party (DAP) in 1919 which then turned into the Nazi party

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11
Q

Birthday medals

A

Medals given to mothers with certain number of children: bronze - 5, silver - 6/7, gold - 8. Hitler aimed to encourage women to have more children through this.

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12
Q

1933 Law for the Encouragement of Marriage

A

Law which gave newly wed couples a loan of 1,000 marks and allowed them to keep 250 marks for each child they had.

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13
Q

Labour Exchange

A

Job centre

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14
Q

Eugenics

A

The scientific study of how to improve races

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15
Q

Lebensborn

A

Established in 1936 where members of the SS could meet an Aryan girl with the aim of increasing Germany’s Aryan race

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16
Q

Kinder, kirche, kuche

A

(Children, church, kitchen) The Nazi belief on what women’s life should be base on - very traditional view.

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17
Q

Duty year

A

In 1937 as Germany prepared for war, women were needed to supplement the male workforce and this law meant women should do patriotic work in one of the countries factories for the Nazi cause

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18
Q

Propaganda

A

Method of winning over population to a particular set of beliefs and also used in wartime to raise morale

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19
Q

Indoctrination

A

Brainwashing people into accepting ideas

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20
Q

Lebensraum

A

‘Living space’ became part of Hitler’s plans to conquer an empire for Germany in the 1930s

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21
Q

Bernhard Rust

A

In charge of Nazi’s education system and he made all the changes of curriculum (e.g. race studies)

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22
Q

Nazi Teachers Association

A

An association that teachers joined during Nazi rule to prove they were pro-Nazism and were teaching the right things that obeyed with Nazi curriculum so that they would not get sacked

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23
Q

National Political Education Institute

A

Institutes introduced to teach the next generation of Nazi leaders - political or military

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24
Q

Adolf Hitler School

A

One of three new types of educational facilities introduced by Hitler to create a Nazi elite (the National Political Education Institute was also for children of same age group and Order Castles were for university aged students)

25
Q

Final Solution

A

Nazi plan to exterminate the Jews and other races in Europe. Generally thought to have begun in 1942.

26
Q

Ghettos

A

An enclosed part of a city or separate area in which people live, sometimes by force, usually grouped based on their race or religion

27
Q

Einstatzgruppen

A

Nazi security forces made up of SS and Order Police that acted as mobile killing units during WWII

28
Q

Wannsee Conference

A

A meeting of senior officials of Nazi Germany in Berlin suburb of Wannsee where a comprehensive plan was set out for a final solution to the Jewish question

29
Q

Kristallnacht

A

1938 - Known as the Night of Broken Glass where almost 200 synagogues were destroyed, over 8,000 Jewish shops sacked and looted and tens of thousands of Jews removed to concentration camps.

30
Q

Concordat

A

Agreement

30
Q

Conscription

A

Compulsory service in the armed forces

31
Q

SS

A

Organisation within the Nazi party which began as Hitler’s bodyguard but expanded to become a state within a state. (Blackshirts)

32
Q

Invisible unemployment

A

Unemployment not counted in official figures

33
Q

Gestapo

A

Secret police in Nazi Germany

34
Q

Enabling Act

A

Law passed in 1933 which gave Hitler the power to act without consulting the Reichstag or the President first

35
Q

Censorship

A

System of controlling information to the public usually employed by governments. Can refer to paper, radio, TV or online information

36
Q

Dictatorship

A

System in which one person runs the country and has total control - does not have to listen to opponents or face elections

37
Q

Edelweiss Pirates

A

Youth groups in Germany who opposed Nazis, especially in war years

38
Q

Hitler Youth

A

Youth organisation in Nazi Germany designed to prepare young people for war and make them loyal Nazis

39
Q

Holocaust

A

The mass murder of Jews and other racial groups by the Nazis in WWII

40
Q

League of German Maidens

A

Organisation in Nazi Germany for girls designed to get girls to embrace Nazi beliefs and values

41
Q

Negative Cohesion

A

Term coined by historian Gordon Craig to describe the way different groups in Germany supported the Nazis not because they supported them but because they feared opponents of Nazis (particularly Communists) more

42
Q

Nuremberg Laws

A

Series of laws in Germany passed in 1935 taking away German citizenship from Jews and forbidding them to marry to have sex with pure blooded Germans

43
Q

Strength through Joy

A

Leisure programme run by the Nazis in Germany to improve lives of ordinary people - gave workers rewards such as pic ice, theatre trips, evening classes and even free holidays

44
Q

Autobahns

A

New German motorways - ordinary workers had opportunity to purchase a car to drive on it

45
Q

Four Year Plan

A

Plan made by Hermann Goering to build up the German armament industry and solve economic problems. Production of raw materials increased and reduced imports

46
Q

Hermann Goering

A

Politician who was appointed Prime Minister and Interior Minister for Prussia - made 4 Year Plan and did not really succeed in solving economy but did help rearm Germany

47
Q

Autarky

A

National self-sufficiency - scientist developed all sort of artificial substitutes such as petrol from coal and coffee from acorns. This was so that Germany could be strong, independent and self-sufficient in food and materials.

48
Q

RAD (Reich Labour Service)

A

Gave men jobs in public work schemes. They were given free meals and pocket money. They were given shelter in camps as well.

49
Q

Public Work Projects

A

The projects were introduced for men who worked in the National Labour Service (RAD) - men who worked there lived in camps and wore military style uniform, received food and pocket money

50
Q

DAF (Deutsche Arbeitsfront or German Labour Front)

A

This replaced the free trade unions and was associated with Nazi Party instead of socialist/communist - membership was compulsory in most occupations

51
Q

Reich Food Estate

A

Had control of agricultural production and consumption. Made in 1933, farmers were assured of sales and given subsidies.

52
Q

Reich Entailed Farm Law

A

In 1933, it protected small farmers by ensuring that their farms could not be sold or mortgaged. This prevented larger estates pressuring small farmers to sell up.

53
Q

Volksgemeinschaft (people’s community)

A

It was a central element in Nazi ideology - new German society which rejected old religions, ideologies and class division. Instead forming a united German identity based around race, struggle and state leadership

54
Q

Dr Hjalmar Schacht

A

He was the president of the Reichsbank in March 1933 and in 1934 was made Minister of Economy. He devised what he called the ‘New Plan’ and solved crisis

55
Q

Reichsbank

A

German national bank

56
Q

New Plan

A

Made by Dr Hjalmaar Schacht with the vision of reducing imports, reducing unemployment, channeling government spending into a wide range of industries and make trade agreements with other countries

57
Q

Totalitarian State

A

A regime that seeks to control not simply political life but society in all its features: institutional, economical, moral and personal. Individuals are subject to the direction of the state which demands complete obedience.

58
Q

‘Beauty of Labour’

A

This was to help Germans see that work was good and that everyone who could work, should by improving conditions. Because Nazi’s abolished trade unions and strikes, wages fell which meant they had to keep the people’s support.

History (7 decks)

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