KEY TERMS Core Units Flashcards
schema
mental representation of knowledge created over time based on experiences; how we interpret the world, make predictions, make sure of info
sensory memory
input from audio/visual sensory stimulus, lasts 3-5 seconds, loss bc decay
STM
input from conversion thru selective attention, loss from displacement (being replaced by other memories), repetitive rehearsal to retain, lasts 3-5 minutes, only 7 items can be stored
LTM
encoded from STM thru rehearsal, loss w/ interference w/ retrieval, stored indefinitely, unlimited space
fMRI
functional magnetic resonance imaging, measures brain activity by detecting changes w/ blood flow
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging; uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed pictures of bodily organs and structures
flashbulb memory
very detailed and vivid memory of one occasion that is stored and retained for a lifetime; of an emotionally significant moment or event
principles of CLOA
humans are information processors, the mind can be studied scientifically, cognitive processes are influenced by social and cultural factors
principles of BLOA
there are biological correlates of behavior, animal research can provide insight into human behavior, human behavior is to some extent genetically based
localization of brain function
different parts of the brain are responsible for specific behaviors
neurotransmitter
chemical messenger that allows for communication between nerve cells (neurons)
hormone
chemical messengers that transfer info to cells to coordinate functions for different parts of the body
retrograde amnesia
cannot remember LTM
anterograde amnesia
cannot back new memories
PET scan
color map of brain activity
memory
a cognitive system that retains information
cognition
mental activities associated w/ thinking, knowing, and remembering
principles of SCLOA
humans are social animals w/ innate need to belong, culture influences behavior, humans have a social self which reflects their group memberships
attribution
process of explaining and interpreting behavior
FAE
dispositional factors are overestimated and situational factors are underestimated
self-fulfilling prophecy
prediction that comes true bc it was made, being told something so much that you end up believing it
social identity
a person’s sense of self based on group membership
social identity theory concepts
groups are source of pride/belonging, to increase self-image we enhance group status w/ bias/discrimination towards outgroup
social categorization
categorize “them” and “us”
stereotyping
putting people into group/categories, exaggerating similarities and differences
conformity
the yield to group pressure
compliance
a submission made in response to a request, changes in behavior w/o internalizing opinion
obedience
change in thoughts, opinions, or actions because authority figure told you to
social learning theory concept
we learn by observing and imitating behavior from role models
