Key terms Flashcards

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0
Q

Biotechnology

A

Is widely employed by various industries and uses microbes to solve biological problems to produce large quantities of useful items like;
Antibiotics, vitamins, food supplements and to degrade toxic material

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1
Q

Agar

A

Gelatin like solidifying agent used in laboratory culture media

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2
Q

Scientific Method

A

Scientific method helps them make observations about a specific phenomenon to develop a hypothesis

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3
Q

Hypothesis

A

Describes how a logical process could explain these observation by testing the hypothesis through designing and running various experiments that show if the hypothesis correctly explains a process

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4
Q

Animalcules

A

Tiny animals

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5
Q

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

A

Dutch merchant was the 1st to make a microscope 1670 and observe ANIMALCULES (tiny animals) today is called the father of Bacteriology & Protozoology because he 1st documented and published his observation

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6
Q

Edward Jenner

A

In Europe in 1790 performed the worlds 1st vaccination when he vaccinated a 8 y/o m against small pox with world wide use to eradicate small pox

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7
Q

Ignaz Semmelweis & Sir Joseph Lister

A

By 1850 Dr Semmelweis promoted washing hands and antiseptic treatment on hands in Austria
Dr Lister started using antiseptic and disinfectants during surgery and on wounds by using PHENOL
Both Dr are most important in developing technics to prevent the spread of disease in hospitals

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8
Q

Spontaneous Generation

A

The idea that microbes develop without any cellular parenting ( life coming from non living things)
He invented the S shape flask to prove spontaneous generation is false

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9
Q

Robert Koch

A

German dr in 1870
Developed the Koch postulates
He showed that Bacillus anthracis caused anthrax
His work demonstrated the Germ Theory of disease( microbes grow in
Humans and are the cause of diseases that spread from person to
Person & town to town

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10
Q

Alexander Fleming

A

Early 20th century he discovered agents that destroyed bacteria
1. Enzyme lysozyme = degrades bacterial cell walls
2. Penicillin = accidentally discovered in 1929 from mold which
Came the 1st true antibiotic used to control bacteria

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11
Q

Koch Postulate

A

4 requirements must be satisfy in order to establish that an organism is the cause of a disease

  1. Show that organism exit in infected animals but not in non infected
  2. Obtain a pure culture of organism & grow it in a lab
  3. Produce the same symptom seen in the infected animals by inoculating healthy animals
  4. Isolate the identical microbe from the newly infected animals
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12
Q

Germ theory of disease

A

Belief that microbes will grow in humans and are the cause of disease that spread from person to person and town to town

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13
Q

Lysozyme

A

Agent that degrades the bacterial cell wall

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14
Q

Microbes

A

Prions viruses bacteria fungi and parasites

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15
Q

Microbiology

A

Study of organisms that usually require a microscope to be seen

16
Q

Penicillin

A

Derives from mold is the 1st true antibiotic used to control bacteria with a wide acceptance during WWII

17
Q

Pure Culture

A

Divided cells forming a visible clump of cells that all grew from 1 organism and appeared identical