Key terms

Question 1

Inflation

Answer 1

A sustained price increase with the fall in the value of the money

Question 2

Gentry

Answer 2

The class of landowners ranking just below the nobility

Question 3

Commonwealth

Answer 3

Often used to describe England and its people

Question 4

Royal perogotive

Answer 4

The Kings power to act on his own authority without reference to others. It included control of reign policy, war and peace, the regulation of overseas trade and the coinage and pardoning of criminals.

Question 5

Proclamation

Answer 5

A public statement of the Kings wishes, which had less force than statue

Question 6

Patronage

Answer 6

For someone to succeed in life they needed a Patron, whom they supported and served. The patron would then help them succeed for a favourable position in society.

Question 7

Presbyterianism

Answer 7

A system of Church government without Bishops, which gave significant responsibility to individual congregations who chose their own ministers and elders. It was a strict form Protestantism which placed great emphasis on the Bible and less on tradition .

Question 8

Book of rates

Answer 8

Listed the customs duty payable on specific terms. It was periodically revised.

Question 9

Tonnage and Poundage

Answer 9

Taxes on imports and exports

Question 10

Ordinary revenue

Answer 10

The income the monarch received each year

Question 11

Robert Cecil

Answer 11

• Earl of Salisbury 1605

- Lord treasurer 1605

Question 12

Popery

Answer 12

-Derogatory term given to Catholics

Question 13

Popish

Answer 13

Anything that appeared Catholic or Inspired by the church

Question 14

King James Bible

Answer 14

The authorised version of the bible used in English churches, established as a result of the Hampton Court Conference

Question 15

Monopolies

Answer 15

These gave individuals or groups the right to be the sole supplier or the product or service

Question 16

William Laud

Answer 16

• Most influential Arminian after he became archbishop of Canterbury in 1633
• Imposed sweeping reforms

Question 17

Sir Edward Coke

Answer 17

-Influential Judge who was outspoken in his defence of liberties or Parliament. He was instrumental in passing the statue of monopolies and the Petition of Right

Question 18

Absolutism

Answer 18

A system of governance where power is concentrated in the hands of one ruler

Question 19

Remonstrance

Answer 19

A formal state of grievances

Question 20

Book of Sports

Answer 20

A list of activities that were pronounced to be lawful on Sundays’s, including archery and dancing

Question 21

Sir Thomas Wentworth

Answer 21

Became an MP and was very critical of Charles I foreign policy

Critical of Buckinghams control of patronage

After Buckinghams death became a member of the privy council

Was central in developing the policy of Thorough

He was extremely disliked by Parliament

Question 22

Royalists

Answer 22

Those who would fight for the king in the civil war

Question 23

Radicals

Answer 23

Those who favoured sweeping changes to the church or state.

Question 24

Militia Ordinance

Answer 24

This took military control away from the King and gave it to parliament

Question 25

New Model

Answer 25

Referred to the Organisation, training and discipline that characterised the troops under Cromwells command

Question 26

Thomas Fairfax

Answer 26

Brilliant commander during the civil war

He was unsuited to politics and declined to become involved with the events leading up to the Kings trial

Question 27

Oliver Cromwell

Answer 27

Cromwell rose within two decades from an obscure East Anglian background to become an outstanding soldier and statesman, ending his days as Lord Protector

Question 28

Council of the Army

Answer 28

Highest ranking officers in the army

Question 29

Leveller

Answer 29

A movement that began among civilians in London around 1645 and challenged the existing social order

Question 30

Predestinarian

Answer 30

Believing that whether a person is a saved or damned has been predetermined by God’s unchangeable will

Question 31

Rules of War

Answer 31

There were no such rules of war in formal sense, yet there was a broad understanding that if troops and non-combatants refused to surrender than they thereby sacrificed their right to be treated mercifully.

Question 32

John Pym

Answer 32

Came from a conventional gentry background
Convinced Puritan and played a leading role in the attempts to impeach Buckingham in the 1620s
He articulated the grievances felt about Charles’s rule in the Short and long parliament very persuasively

Question 33

Robert Sibthorpe

Answer 33

Robert Sibthorpe or Sibthorp (died 1662) was an English clergyman who gained notoriety during the reign of King Charles I of England for his outspoken defense of the divine right of kings.