key terms

Question 1

pathogens

Answer 1

microorganisms that cause disease

Question 2

culture

Answer 2

microorganisms provided with nutrients oxygen pH and temp to grow large so numbers observed

Question 3

sterile

Answer 3

something free from microorganisms and their spores

Question 4

nutrient medium

Answer 4

substance used for culture of microorganisms either in broth or solid form

Question 5

nutrient broth

Answer 5

liquid nutrient for culturing microorganisms

Question 6

nutrient agar

Answer 6

jelly extracted form seaweed used as solid nutrient for culturing microorganisms

Question 7

selective medium

Answer 7

growth medium for microorganisms specific nutrients only for microorganisms its going to grow

Question 8

inoculation

Answer 8

process by which microorganisms transffered to culture medium under sterile conditions

Question 9

haemocytometer

Answer 9

thick microscope slide with rectangular indentation and grid lines used to count cells

Question 10

turbidimetry

Answer 10

method of measuring concentration of substance by measuring amount of light passing through it

Question 11

turbid

Answer 11

term used to describe something thats opaque or thick suspended matter

Question 12

dilution plating

Answer 12

method used to obtain culture plate with countable number of bacterial colonies

Question 13

total viable cell count

Answer 13

measure of number of cells that are alive in given volume of culture

Question 14

generation time

Answer 14

time span between different bacterial divisions

Question 15

lag phase

Answer 15

when bacteria are adapting to new area and not reproducing at max rate

Question 16

log phase

Answer 16

when rate of bacterial reproduction close to theoretical max doubling every 20 mins

Question 17

stationary phase

Answer 17

total growth zero as number of new cells formed by binary fission equalled to number of cells dying because of lack of space
-lack of nutrients toxic waste