key terms Flashcards
French & Dutch colonization
In relation to key concept
Key Concept: different economic and imperial goals of European powers shaped social structure and interactions with natives
- relied on trade alliances & intermarriages with American Indians
- Helped build economic & diplomatic relationships ➡️ helped gain furs and other products for export to Europe ➡️ better economy
English colonization
in relation to key concept
Key Concept: different economic and imperial goals of European powers shaped social structure and interactions with natives
- families were moving to colonies (permanent settlement)
- often wanted economic improvement, religious freedom, better living conditions
Spanish colonization
in relation to key concept
Key Concept: different economic and imperial goals of European powers shaped social structure and interactions with natives
- goal: extracting wealth from land (mineral wealth = gold)
- systems of subjugating native populations, converting them to Christianity (encomienda system)
- incorporated Natives and Africans into Spanish colonial society
New England colonies
in relation to key concept
Key concept: What were the primary environmental, economic, cultural, and demographic factors that contributed to the regional differences in the development of early British colonies?
- initially settled by Puritans
- small towns with family farms
- mixed economy of agriculture & commerce
- included NH, RI, CI, Mass Bay, Plymouth
Chesapeake colonies
in relation to key concepts
Key concept: What were the primary environmental, economic, cultural, and demographic factors that contributed to the regional differences in the development of early British colonies?
- exported tobacco
- needed labor ➡️initially white, male indentured servants; later, enslaved Africans
- included VA & MD
British West Indies
- based on agriculture due to climate
- tobacco and sugar = $$$
- lots of african slaves
- chattel slavery/slave codes
- SUGAR PLANTATIONS
Indentured Servants
- working to pay off cost of travel from Europe to America
- some came seeking better life
- some came as alternative prison in England
- ultimately set free after some time
Puritan
- wanted more change in Protestantism
- came to Mass Bay
Predestination (Calvinism)
- believed that “everything happens for a reason” / “God makes everything happen”
- used this to justify bad and good things that happened at the colonies
Uprising of 1622
- Natives attacked Jamestown
- killed 1/3 of English population there
- changed dynamic between Natives and English
“City upon a hill”
- Puritans believed that they were the “model” for the Anglican church in England
- John Winthrop says this
- wanted everyone to see Puritans as an “example” for what they should be
Pilgrim
- Separatists
- wanted to form separate religious community from Anglicanism
- settled in Plymouth in 1620
Mayflower Compact
- agreed to form a government
- “our better ordering & preservation” - goal: permanent settlement
Maryland Toleration Act
1649 - granted freedom of worship to all Christians
Headright system
- investors often paid for an immigrant to move to the colony
- the settler got a certain amount of land to work on
- became motivation for ppl to come to Virginia / Maryland
- led to more workers on the colony - grew tobacco production
