key terms 1.4-Managing People Flashcards
what is flexible workforce?
a workforce that can respond, in quantity and type, to change in market demand
what is home working?
people who undertake their regular work from home
what is multi-skilling?
the process of increasing the skills of employees
what is zero-hour contracts?
a contract hat does not guarantee and particular number of hours’ work
what is outsourcing?
getting other people or businesses to undertake work that was originally done in-house
what are trade unions?
organisations of workers that exist to promote the interest of their members
what is industrial action?
disruptive measures taken by workers to apply pressure on employers when disagreement cannot be resolved
what is collective bargaining?
a method of determining conditions of work and terms of employment through negotiations between employee and employer representatives
what is internal recruitment?
appointing workers from within the business
what is external recruitment?
appointing workers from outside of the business
what is a job description?
a document that shows clearly the tasks, duties and responsibilities expected of a worker for a particular job
what is a person specification?
a person profile of the type of person needed to do a particular job
what is s curriculum vitae (CV)?
a document that lists personal details, qualifications, work experience, referees and other info about the jobseeker
what is training?
a process that involves increasing the knowledge and skills of a worker to enable them to do their jobs more effectively
what is induction training?
training given to new employees when they first start a job
what is on the job training?
training that takes place whilst doing work
what is off the job training?
training that takes place away from the work area
what is an organisation chart?
a diagram that shows the different job roles in a business and how they relate to each other
what is hierarchy?
the order or levels of responsibility in an organisation from the lowest to the highest
what is span of control?
the number of people a person is directly responsible for in a business
what is chain of command?
the way authority and power is organised in an organisation
what is delayering?
removing layers of management from the hierarchy of an organisation
what are subordinates?
people in the hierarchy who work under the control of a senior worker
what is delegation?
authority to pass down from superior to subordinate
what is centralisation?
a type of business organisation where major decisions are made at the centre or core of the organisation and then passed down the chain of command
what is motivation?
the desire to take action to achieve a goal/s
What is Taylor’s Scientific management?
a theory that suggests there’s a ‘best way’ to perform work tasks
what is Mayo’s Hawthorne effect?
the idea that workers are motivated by recognition given to them as a group
what is Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs?
the order of people’s needs starting with basic human requirements
what is Herzberg’s Motivators?
things at work that result in satisfaction
what is Herzberg’s Hygiene factors?
things at work that result in dissatisfaction
what is empowerment?
giving official authority to employees to make decisions and control their own work activities
what is consultation?
listening to the views of employees before making key decisions that affect them
what is job enlargement?
giving an employee more work to do of a similar nature ‘horizontally’ extending their work role
what is job enrichment?
giving employees greater responsibility and recognition by ‘vertically’ extending their work role
what is job rotation?
the periodic changing of jobs or tasks
what is self actualisation?
top level of Maslow’s HoN where people realise their full potential
what is team working?
organising people into working groups tat have a common aim
what is a bonus?
a payment in addition to basic wages for reaching targets or in recognition for service
what is commission?
percentage payment on a sale made to the salesperson
what is performance related pay?
a payment system made for non-manual workers where pay increases are given if targets are met
what are piece rates?
a payment system where employees are paid an agreed rate for every item produced
what is profit sharing?
where workers are given a share of the profits, usually as part of their pay
what is payment by results?
payment methods that reward workers for the quantity and quality of work they produce
what is an autocratic leader?
a leadership style where a manager makes all the decisions without consultation
what is a democratic leader?
a leadership style where managers allow others to participate in decision-making
what is a paternalistic leader?
a leadership style where the leader makes decisions but takes into account the welfare of employees
what is a laissez-faire leader?
a leadership style where employees are encouraged to make their own decisions within certain limits
